Abstract: Optimizing temperature control measures under the premise of meeting engineering requirements could improve project efficiency and save social resource. But currently a versatile mathematical model of parameter optimization for the temperature control of mass concrete is in lack, and as a result, the temperature control parameters can only be selected according to experience, which is unfavorable to control the construction cost. In view of this, formulas of mass concrete’s average temperature in the presence and in the absence of heat source were respectively deduced considering the effects of cooling pipe distance, variation of water temperature along the pipe, and flow rate. Furthermore, a mathematical model was built and genetic algorithm to solve the model was presented. The model takes the total cost of temperature control measures as objective function and the strength failure criterion as constraint equation. Calculation examples prove that the model is simple, efficient and reasonable. Moreover, it is versatile and feasible to be applied to engineering practice.