Simulation on Optimizing Hydraulic Characteristics of Stilling Pool in Turning Section of Spillway

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230745

Abstract

Abstract:

Affected by corner centrifugal force and inertial force, stilling pool at the turning section of spillway often exhibits unfavorable flow conditions characterized by uneven water depth and flow velocity distribution. To address this complex flow issue, we conducted simulations on stilling pool at the turning section of the spillway of XBT reservoir in Xinjiang. We designed 17 simulation schemes and selected flow pattern, water depth, average flow velocity, and energy dissipation rate as evaluation indices. Results indicate that the hydraulic characteristics of the turning-section stilling pool vary in different simulation schemes. To mitigate adverse hydraulic phenomena in the stilling pool, deepening the pool depth to 6.55 m, adopting a rectangular open outlet type, and equipping 9 staggered rough strips can achieve optimal flow condition. This configuration resolves the backwater problem in the middle and rear sections and eliminated overflow along the walls. Notably, the water depth at concave bank declined by 30.22% compared to the original scheme, with a marginal water level difference of only 0.02 m between the two sides. According to calculation results of the average water depth and kinetic energy of typical section in the stilling pool, the average water depth at the outlet section decreased by 49.97% from the original scheme, while energy dissipation rate enhanced from 18.97% to 62.63%.

Key words: stilling pool in turning section, auxiliary energy dissipator, hydraulic characteristics, energy consumption rate, numerical simulation, spillway

CLC Number:

TV651.1溢洪道

Cite this article

SHI Xiu-fu, MU Zhen-wei, LÜ Zhi, ZHANG Meng-qiang, ZHANG Hong-hong. Simulation on Optimizing Hydraulic Characteristics of Stilling Pool in Turning Section of Spillway[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(12): 91-100.

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URL: http://ckyyb.crsri.cn/EN/10.11988/ckyyb.20230745

http://ckyyb.crsri.cn/EN/Y2024/V41/I12/91

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Structure of the spillway of XBT Reservoir and stilling pool at turning section

Fig.2 Arrangement of sections and measuring points in the stilling pool at turning section

Table 1 Numerical simulation schemes

方案	辅助消能工	池深/m	出口型式
原方案	无	5.80	梯形非敞口
1	无	6.30	梯形非敞口
2	无	6.55	梯形非敞口
3	无	6.80	梯形非敞口
4	无	7.05	梯形非敞口
5	无	6.30	梯形非敞口
6	无	6.30	矩形敞口
7	无	6.55	矩形敞口
8	无	6.80	矩形敞口
9	无	7.05	矩形敞口
10	无	7.30	矩形敞口
11	3个梯形墩	6.55	矩形敞口
12	9个梯形墩	6.55	矩形敞口
13	12个梯形墩	6.55	矩形敞口
14	3个梯形墩+3根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口
15	3根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口
16	6根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口
17	9根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口

Table 1 Numerical simulation schemes

方案	辅助消能工	池深/m	出口型式
原方案	无	5.80	梯形非敞口
1	无	6.30	梯形非敞口
2	无	6.55	梯形非敞口
3	无	6.80	梯形非敞口
4	无	7.05	梯形非敞口
5	无	6.30	梯形非敞口
6	无	6.30	矩形敞口
7	无	6.55	矩形敞口
8	无	6.80	矩形敞口
9	无	7.05	矩形敞口
10	无	7.30	矩形敞口
11	3个梯形墩	6.55	矩形敞口
12	9个梯形墩	6.55	矩形敞口
13	12个梯形墩	6.55	矩形敞口
14	3个梯形墩+3根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口
15	3根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口
16	6根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口
17	9根糙条	6.55	矩形敞口

Fig.3 Arrangement of auxiliary energy dissipation for the stilling pool

Fig.4 Grid division of the stilling pool and rough strips

Fig.5 Comparison between model test and numerical simulation results

Fig.6 Model test and numerical simulation results of average water depth and flow rate

Fig.7 Cloud diagram of flow in the stilling pool with optimized depth

Table 2 Flow rate distribution of section 5# -12 # in turning section

方案	断面流速/(m·s^-1)
方案	5^#	6^#	7^#	8^#	9^#	10^#	11^#	12^#
4	1.98	2.11	2.85	3.09	3.12	3.15	3.16	3.05
5	1.64	1.80	2.63	2.86	2.65	2.36	2.59	2.35

Table 2 Flow rate distribution of section 5# -12 # in turning section

方案	断面流速/(m·s^-1)
方案	5^#	6^#	7^#	8^#	9^#	10^#	11^#	12^#
4	1.98	2.11	2.85	3.09	3.12	3.15	3.16	3.05
5	1.64	1.80	2.63	2.86	2.65	2.36	2.59	2.35

Fig.8 Average water depth of typical section of stilling pool with optimized outlet

Table 3 Water depth and water level difference in stilling pool 3 #-14 # under scheme 11-13

断面	平均水深/m			最大水深/m			两岸水位差/m
断面	方案 11	方案 12	方案 13	方案 11	方案 12	方案 13	方案 11	方案 12	方案 13
3^#	3.43	3.37	3.63	3.64	3.74	3.85	0.39	0.72	0.43
4^#	3.41	2.87	3.47	3.81	3.61	3.71	1.03	1.65	0.58
5^#	3.57	3.07	3.73	3.92	3.66	3.83	0.88	1.47	0.07
6^#	3.60	3.42	3.84	3.97	4.00	4.22	0.81	1.18	0.38
7^#	3.24	3.71	3.98	3.52	4.13	4.11	0.66	0.84	0.14
8^#	3.32	3.95	4.03	3.74	4.13	4.36	0.90	0.52	0.47
9^#	3.51	3.88	4.14	3.99	4.19	4.68	0.97	0.51	0.76
10^#	3.79	3.72	4.19	4.25	4.23	4.94	0.90	0.81	1.00
11^#	4.15	3.79	4.24	4.48	4.18	5.02	0.76	0.46	1.01
12^#	4.26	3.84	4.33	4.68	4.14	5.09	0.97	0.20	1.07
13^#	4.36	3.77	4.50	4.87	4.12	5.30	1.20	0.28	1.27
14^#	4.41	4.15	4.46	4.98	4.36	5.35	1.17	0.37	1.30

Table 3 Water depth and water level difference in stilling pool 3 #-14 # under scheme 11-13

断面	平均水深/m			最大水深/m			两岸水位差/m
断面	方案 11	方案 12	方案 13	方案 11	方案 12	方案 13	方案 11	方案 12	方案 13
3^#	3.43	3.37	3.63	3.64	3.74	3.85	0.39	0.72	0.43
4^#	3.41	2.87	3.47	3.81	3.61	3.71	1.03	1.65	0.58
5^#	3.57	3.07	3.73	3.92	3.66	3.83	0.88	1.47	0.07
6^#	3.60	3.42	3.84	3.97	4.00	4.22	0.81	1.18	0.38
7^#	3.24	3.71	3.98	3.52	4.13	4.11	0.66	0.84	0.14
8^#	3.32	3.95	4.03	3.74	4.13	4.36	0.90	0.52	0.47
9^#	3.51	3.88	4.14	3.99	4.19	4.68	0.97	0.51	0.76
10^#	3.79	3.72	4.19	4.25	4.23	4.94	0.90	0.81	1.00
11^#	4.15	3.79	4.24	4.48	4.18	5.02	0.76	0.46	1.01
12^#	4.26	3.84	4.33	4.68	4.14	5.09	0.97	0.20	1.07
13^#	4.36	3.77	4.50	4.87	4.12	5.30	1.20	0.28	1.27
14^#	4.41	4.15	4.46	4.98	4.36	5.35	1.17	0.37	1.30

Fig.9 Comparison of typical sectional parameters of stilling pool under scheme 14-17

Fig.10 Flow pattern of the stilling pool under the optimal scheme

Fig.11 Typical cross-section transverse distribution of water surface in the stilling pool under the optimal Scheme

Fig.12 Comparison of average flow rate among the optimal scheme, scheme 7, and the original scheme

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