长江科学院院报 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 121-124.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.024

• 水土保持新技术与新方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

香溪河流域降雨产沙分形关系及前期有效降雨计算

张长伟1,郑艳霞2,王一峰1,张平仓1   

  1. 1.长江科学院 水土保持研究所, 武汉 430010;
    2.长江勘测规划设计研究院 生态产业工程有限公司,武汉 430010
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-16 出版日期:2015-03-01 发布日期:2015-03-06
  • 作者简介:张长伟(1986-),男,江西乐平人,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事工程水土流失防治研究,(电话)027-82927943(电子信箱)changwei.zc@gmail.com。
  • 基金资助:
    长江科学院创新团队资助项目(CKSF2012052/TB)

Fractal Relation Between Precipitation and Sediment Yield and Calculation of Antecedent Effective Precipitation in Xiangxi River Watershed

ZHANG Chang-wei1,ZHENG Yan-xia2,WANG Yi-feng1,ZHANG Ping-cang1   

  1. 1.Soil and Water Conservation Department,Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;
    2.Ecological Industrial Engineering Company Limited, Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning Design and Research, Wuhan 430010, China
  • Received:2015-01-16 Online:2015-03-01 Published:2015-03-06

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摘要： 为探讨流域前期有效降雨量计算的新方法,依托香溪河流域兴山水文站1974—1989年264场次降雨产流产沙资料,研究了流域次降雨产沙频度与降雨量的关系,采用分形理论与方法,并基于产沙累积频度-降雨量分形关系,推导出流域前期有效降雨量计算方法,且试算了流域前期有效降雨。结果表明:香溪河流域次降雨引起产沙累积频度与降雨量之间遵循分形的幂指数关系,在2个降雨量范围内具有不同的标度指数;按照幂指数关系拟合的产沙累积频度与降雨关系线交点处的降雨量,发现引发78％左右的产沙累积降雨阈值上边界;在香溪河流域,降雨发生前0,1,3,5,7 d的5个时间段累积降雨量阈值分别为26.6,29.2,35.3,43.2,47.8 mm;基于累积产沙频度-降雨量分形关系计算流域前期有效降雨的方法能更加反映真实情况。

关键词: 产沙, 分形, 前期有效降雨量, 降雨阈值, 香溪河流域

Abstract: By using fractal theory and method, the method of calculating antecedent effective precipitation was derived from the fractal relationship between sediment yield frequency and rainfall amount according to 264 single rainfall and sediment yield data during 1974-1989 at Xingshan hydrological station in Xiangxi river watershed. Results reveal that the relationship between cumulative frequency of sediment yield and cumulative rainfall amount in this watershed obeys the power exponential relation. They have different scaling exponents in two different ranges of the rainfall amount. The rainfall amount corresponding to the intersection point of two fitted power correlation curves may be defined as the cumulative rainfall threshold on the boundary causing about 78% of sediment yield frequency. The cumulative rainfall threshold in five time intervals (0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days before the rainfall) are respectively 26.6 mm, 29.2 mm, 35.3mm, 43.2mm and 47.8mm. This method of calculating the effective antecedent rainfall based on the fractal relation between sediment yield frequency and rainfall amount could better reflect the actual situation.

Key words: sediment yield, fractal, effective antecedent precipitation, rainfall threshold, Xiangxi river watershed

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