Abstract: Rainfall-runoff simulation based on land-atmosphere coupling model plays a significant role in understanding the hydrological cycle process under changing conditions. By analyzing the basic input data, weather model, and land hydrological models, we summarize the framework of the land-atmosphere coupling model for rainfall-runoff simulation. Furthermore, we review the development history and discuss the enhancements made through ensemble predictions, data-driven models, as well as improvements in land hydrological models and weather models. We identify four crucial technical issues: multiscale conversion, bidirectional coupling, uncertainty assessment, and error correction. Additionally, we discuss the future research prospects aiming to provide valuable references for advancing research on land-atmosphere coupling models in rainfall-runoff simulation.

Key words: land-atmosphere coupling model, rainfall-runoff simulation, hydrological model, weather model, hydrological cycle