为了研究锚杆声波反射法质量检测中的声波传播规律，建立了三维锚固系统模型，利用动力有限元分析了不同锚固状态下锚固系统的动力响应。围岩质量较好、砂浆密实时锚杆的加速度响应波形规则且衰减较快，砂浆密实度较差及存在局部缺陷时锚杆响应波形不规则，不同介质交界面处产生畸变。

In order to study the propagation property of sonic wave for the quality detection of rock bolts using sonic reflection method, 3D FEM simulation of the dynamic responses are conducted for the anchorage system with or without defects. The acceleration response signal at bolt head is normal and attenuated quickly for anchorage system without defect both in grouting mortar and in good quality surrounding rock, and it is abnormal and distorted on interface of different mediums for the anchorage system having local defect or uncompacted mortar.