关键词: 土坝, 溃坝, 溃口, 模型, 模拟

Abstract: The magnitude and extent of damage caused by a dam-break depends heavily on the dam-breaking rate and degree, which determines the breach outflow and its spreading speed downstream. Due to the capability for simulating dam-break and predicting flood hydrograph, a dam-break model is of tremendous importance to the disaster control and reduction. The earth-dam-break models developed abroad in the recent forty years are classified and summarized; their characteristics are analyzed. A new mechanism for earth-breaking is also introduced and analyzed. Recommendations for the model future development are proposed.