组织编制并实施水资源保护规划是国家赋予水行政主管部门的法定职责,也是水利部门履行水资源管理和生态环境保护责任的重要工作。长江流域水资源保护规划经历了从起步、探索、实践与发展到形成完善体系的过程,推进了流域水资源保护与管理科学有序发展。随着国家机构改革部门职能调整和《中华人民共和国长江保护法》出台,为更好地推进和落实新时期长江流域水资源保护规划和管理工作,系统梳理长江流域水资源保护规划发展历程与成效,分析当前流域水资源保护面临的形势与挑战,厘清流域水资源保护工作定位和思路,并据此提出新时期流域水资源保护规划及管理的工作建议,对凝聚流域水资源保护规划共识、建立流域水资源保护规划体系、推进水资源保护高质量发展、助力实现治江现代化具有重要的指导意义。

Compiling and implementing water resources protection plan is a legal obligation entrusted by the state to the water administration department, and is also a pivotal endeavor in fulfilling the responsibilities of water resources management and ecological preservation. The evolution of water resources protection planning in the Yangtze River Basin, encompassing inception, exploration, practice, and system refinement, has propelled the scientific and systematic advancement of water resources preservation and management within the basin. Against the backdrop of national institutional reforms and the enactment of the Yangtze River Protection Law, this study systematically examines the developmental trajectory and efficacy of water resources protection planning in the Yangtze River basin. It scrutinizes the current challenges and nuances confronting basin-wide water resources preservation while delineating the strategic direction and principles for future endeavors. Drawing from these insights, the paper proposes actionable recommendations and strategic measures for enhancing the planning and management of river basin water resources in the new era. The research findings hold paramount importance in consolidating consensus on basin water resources protection planning, instituting a robust planning framework for the new era, fostering the high-quality development of water resources protection, and advancing the modernization of river governance.