长江流域地下水利用现状及超采区治理对策

刘昕; 肖华; 王栋

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230700

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长江科学院院报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3) : 16-21. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20230700

水资源

长江流域地下水利用现状及超采区治理对策

刘昕, 肖华, 王栋

作者信息 +

Groundwater Utilization and Countermeasures of Groundwater Overexploitation in the Yangtze River Basin

LIU Xin, XIAO Hua, WANG Dong

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

长江流域地下水开发利用程度较低,但地下水资源在维持河湖生态健康、应对突发水安全挑战、农业生产等方面具有不可替代的作用。以2011—2020年长江流域地下水开采量、地下水水位数据为基础,分析了长江流域地下水开发利用现状及变化趋势、地下水水位变化趋势、地下水超采现状等问题。结果表明:长江流域地下水开采以浅层地下水为主,地下水开采量呈缓慢下降趋势;除局部几个区域以外,长江流域地下水水位呈基本稳定或上升趋势;2011—2020年长江流域地下水超采区域主要集中在河南省南阳市,地下水超采区域水位呈下降趋势,急需建设替代水源工程补充灌溉用水缺口。

Abstract

The utilization and development of groundwater in the Yangtze River Basin remain relatively limited. Nonetheless, groundwater resources continue to play an essential role in preserving the ecological balance of rivers and lakes, addressing sudden water safety challenges, and supporting agricultural production. Drawing on groundwater exploitation and stage data from 2011 to 2020, we examined the current status and trends in groundwater utilization, stage variations, and the issue of over-exploitation in the Yangtze River Basin. Our findings reveal that shallow groundwater serves as the primary source of extraction in the basin, with a gradual decline in overall extraction levels. With few exceptions, groundwater stages across the basin have demonstrated stability or a modest increase. Over the period from 2011 to 2020, area of over-exploitation were predominantly concentrated in Nanyang City,Henan Province,where groundwater stages exhibited a declining pattern. This underscores the urgent need for the implementation of alternative water source projects to mitigate irrigation water shortages.

导出引用

刘昕, 肖华, 王栋. 长江流域地下水利用现状及超采区治理对策[J]. 长江科学院院报. 2024, 41(3): 16-21 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20230700

LIU Xin, XIAO Hua, WANG Dong. Groundwater Utilization and Countermeasures of Groundwater Overexploitation in the Yangtze River Basin[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2024, 41(3): 16-21 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20230700

中图分类号： P641

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