高洪水期运行水位对三峡水库泥沙淤积的影响

张成潇; 米博宇; 吕超楠; 赵汗青; 高宇; 任实

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230070

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长江科学院院报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6) : 10-17. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20230070

河湖保护与治理

高洪水期运行水位对三峡水库泥沙淤积的影响

张成潇¹, 米博宇¹, 吕超楠², 赵汗青¹, 高宇², 任实²

作者信息 +

Influence of Operating Water Level on Sediment Deposition in the Three Gorges Reservoir during High Flood Levels

ZHANG Cheng-xiao¹, MI Bo-yu¹, LÜ Chao-nan², ZHAO Han-qing¹, GAO Yu², REN Shi²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

三峡水库泥沙问题直接关系到水库库容的长效保持。选取典型高洪水期,基于数值模型探究入库水沙量级、水沙异步及运行水位对三峡库区沙峰输移和淤积排沙的影响。结果表明:入库洪峰的增大抑制了涪陵沙峰比的衰减,并导致更多泥沙输运至坝前,使得坝前沙峰降幅受运行水位的抬升更为显著;变动回水区较常年回水区更易受到入库水沙异步影响,且随着来沙系数的增大,由低水位抬升时淤积占比更高;水库排沙比受入库水沙异步影响有限,且随着入库洪峰、沙峰的增大,排沙比增加的同时对运行水位抬升导致的衰减更为敏感。研究成果初步揭示了入库水沙异步及运行水位对库区沙峰运动与淤积的影响,可为三峡水库汛期优化沙峰排沙调度提供参考。

Abstract

The sediment issue in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) is directly linked to the long-term maintenance of reservoir capacity. In this study we focus on the effects of incoming volumes of and asynchrony between water and sediment as well as operating water levels on sediment peak transport and deposition discharge in the TGR during typical high flood levels using numerical models. The findings indicate that an increase in incoming flood peak hinders the reduction of sediment peak ratio at Fuling Station, leading to more sediment transportation in front of the dam. This results in a greater reduction of sediment peak in front of the dam as the operating water level rises. The variable backwater area is more susceptible to the asynchrony between water and sediment movement compared to the perennial backwater area. As incoming-sediment coefficient rises, the proportion of siltation increases with the rise of low water levels. The sediment delivery ratio is minimally impacted by the asynchrony between water and sediment entering the TGR. As flood and sediment peaks increase, the sediment delivery ratio rises and is more responsive to the attenuation caused by rising operating water levels. These findings provide preliminary insights into the effects of natural water and sediment asynchrony, as well as operating water levels, on sediment movement and deposition in the TGR. This information can serve as a basis for optimizing sediment operations in the TGR.

导出引用

张成潇, 米博宇, 吕超楠, 赵汗青, 高宇, 任实. 高洪水期运行水位对三峡水库泥沙淤积的影响[J]. 长江科学院院报. 2024, 41(6): 10-17 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20230070

ZHANG Cheng-xiao, MI Bo-yu, LÜ Chao-nan, ZHAO Han-qing, GAO Yu, REN Shi. Influence of Operating Water Level on Sediment Deposition in the Three Gorges Reservoir during High Flood Levels[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2024, 41(6): 10-17 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20230070

中图分类号： TV145

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