水库泥沙淤积问题普遍存在于全球水库中,影响防洪、发电、航运、水资源利用等水库功能的正常发挥,尤其是坝前泥沙淤积,可能会堵塞电站进水口和泄流底孔,严重影响水库发电效益和泄洪安全。对于大型水库而言,坝前水深一般在100 m以上,高效安全地进行坝前深水清淤疏浚是有效控制水库泥沙淤积、保持水资源可持续利用的一种重要途径。研究了气动力式深水清淤技术,并在三峡水库坝前深水环境进行了清淤试验。研究结果表明气动力式清淤技术可在百米级的深水环境中安全高效运行,清淤成本可控。研究成果可为大型水库清淤疏浚提供技术参考。
Abstract
Reservoir sedimentation is a worldwide problem which affects the normal functioning of flood control,power generation,shipping,and water resources utilization. In particular,sediment deposition in front of dam may block the water intake of hydropower station and bottom outlet,severely affecting the power generation efficiency and flood discharge safety. The water depth in front of the dam of large reservoirs is generally over 100 meters. Efficient and safe dredging is an important approach to effectively control sediment deposition and maintain sustainable development of water resources. In this paper,the aerodynamic deep-water dredging technology is studied and applied to the Three Gorges Reservoir. Application result manifests that aerodynamic dredging technology can be operated safely and efficiently in 100-meter deep water environment. The research results can be taken as a technical reference for the dredging of large reservoirs.
关键词
深水清淤 /
气动力式 /
水库淤积 /
清淤成本 /
三峡水库
Key words
deep water dredging /
aerodynamic /
reservoir sedimentation /
dredging cost /
Three Gorges Reservoir
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 邓安军,陈建国,胡海华,等.水库淤损控制与库容恢复研究综述[J].人民黄河,2019,41(1):7-11.
[2] 曹文洪,刘春晶.水库淤积控制与功能恢复研究进展与展望[J].水利学报,2018,49(9):1079-1086.
[3] WANG Z Y,HU C H.Strategies for Managing Reservoir Sedimentation[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2009,24(4):369-384.
[4] 韩其为.水库淤积[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[5] WHITE W R.Evacuation of Sediment from Reservoirs[M].London,UK:Thomas Telford,2001.
[6] PALMIERI A,SHAH F,ANNANDALE G,et al.Reservoir Conservation Volume I:The RESCON Approach[M].Washington DC:World Bank,2003.
[7] WANG Y,RHOADS B L,WANG D,et al.Impacts of Large Dams on the Complexity of Suspended Sediment Dynamics in the Yangtze River[J].Journal of Hydrology,2018,558:184-195.
[8] 刘孝盈,吴保生,于琪洋,等.水库淤积影响及对策研究[J].泥沙研究,2011,36(2):37-40.
[9] 曹慧群,李青云,黄 茁,等.我国水库淤积防治方法及效果综述[J].水力发电学报,2013,32(6):187-193.
[10]谢金明,吴保生,刘孝盈.水库泥沙淤积管理综述[J].泥沙研究,2013,38(3):71-80.
[11]FOSTER L G.Assessing the Potential of Reservoir Outflow Management to Reduce Sedimentation Using Continuous Turbidity Monitoring and Reservoir Modelling[J].Hydrological Processes,2013,27(10):1426-1439.
[12]刘增辉,倪福生,徐立群,等.水库清淤技术研究综述[J].人民黄河,2020,42 (2):5-10.
[13]刘小强,秦 俊.大型深水水库环保疏浚方案设计及工程应用[J].中国港湾建设,2018,38(12):38－43.
[14]崔鹏飞.枕头坝一级水电站气动式清淤试验研究[J].人民长江,2019,50(增刊2):220-222.
[15]董先勇,郭庆超,曹文洪,等.小湾水电站施工期坝下游河道淤积及清淤研究[J].泥沙研究,2010,34(5):41-47.
[16]吴晓伟.锦屏二级水电站进水口基坑泥沙控制及水下清淤施工[J].四川水力发电,2015,34(增刊1):63-65.
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405204);国家自然科学基金项目(U2040218);中国长江三峡集团员工科研项目(20220167)
PDF(2989 KB)
