长江科学院院报 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (9): 35-39.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20200754

• 水环境与水生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

洋澜湖沉积物中磷的分布及污染评价

张为1,2, 胡园1,2, 陶晶祥1,2, 黄华伟1,2, 吴敏1,2   

  1. 1.长江科学院 流域水环境研究所, 武汉 430010;
    2.长江科学院 流域水资源与生态环境科学湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430010
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-29 修回日期:2020-09-25 出版日期:2021-09-01 发布日期:2021-09-06
  • 作者简介:张 为(1987-),男,湖北洪湖人,工程师,博士,主要从事流域水环境治理与水体修复技术相关的研究工作。E-mail:zhangwayen@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41907155)

Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Phosphorus in Sediment of Yanglan Lake

ZHANG Wei1,2, HU Yuan1,2, TAO Jing-xiang1,2, HUANG Hua-wei1,2, WU Min1,2   

  1. 1. Basin Water Environmental Research Department, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China;
    2. Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Basin Water Resources and Eco-environmental Sciences, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
  • Received:2020-07-29 Revised:2020-09-25 Online:2021-09-01 Published:2021-09-06

摘要: 我国城市湖泊的生态系统功能下降,城市湖泊富营养化问题也日趋严重。城市湖泊的富营养化通常表现为磷限制,而湖泊沉积物是磷的主要归宿地。研究沉积物中磷的含量及分布特征,对探明其污染状况及湖泊富营养化的控制与治理具有重要的参考意义。洋澜湖作为典型的城市湖泊,近年来存在富营养化问题,以洋澜湖作为研究对象,分析其表层沉积物中的总磷(TP)浓度及空间分布特征,采用单因子指数法对沉积物中磷的污染情况进行评价,并选取3个代表性区域分析沉积物中磷的形态及垂向分布。结果表明,洋澜湖表层沉积物中TP的浓度为528~3 568 mg/kg,平均值1 096 mg/kg,其中西湖湖区的TP浓度最高,平均值1 362 mg/kg;洋澜湖表层沉积物总磷污染评价指数为0.88~5.95,表明整个湖区的沉积物均呈现一定程度的磷污染,其中轻度污染区域所占比例为9.38%,中度污染区域所占比例为32.81%,重度污染区域所占比例为57.81%。通过对沉积物中磷形态进行分析,沉积物中可交换态磷所占比例较小,铁铝结合态磷所占比例最高,是洋澜湖沉积物中磷释放的主要来源。

关键词: 城市湖泊, 表层沉积物, 总磷(TP), 分布特征, 污染评价, 洋澜湖

Abstract: The eutrophication of urban lakes aggravates as the ecosystem function declines. Eutrophication of urban lakes is usually characterized by phosphorus limitation, while phosphorus mainly settles in sediments. Studying the content and distribution of phosphorus in lake sediments is of crucial significance to exploring its pollution status and controlling lake eutrophication. Yanglan Lake is a typical urban lake subjected to eutrophication in recent years. In this research, we took Yanglan Lake as a case study to probe into the content and spatial distribution of total phosphorus (TP) in surface sediments and assessed the status of phosphorus pollution by using single factor index method. Furthermore, we also examined the morphology and vertical distribution of phosphorus in sediments in three representative regions. We found that the TP concentration in surface sediments of Yanglan Lake ranged from 528 to 3 568 mg/kg, averaging 1 096 mg/kg. The west of the lake saw the highest TP concentration, averaging 1 362 mg/kg. The pollution index of TP in surface sediments ranged between 0.88 and 5.95, implying that the sediments in the whole lake area were polluted with phosphorus to different degrees. The lightly polluted area accounted for 9.38% of the whole lake area, moderately polluted area 32.81% and severely polluted area 57.81%. In addition, the proportion of exchangeable phosphorus was relatively small, whereas the proportion of Fe/Al bonded phosphorus in the sediments was the highest, which was the major source of phosphorus release in the sediments of Yanglan Lake.

Key words: urban lake, surface sediments, TP, distribution characteristics, pollution assessment, Yanglan Lake

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