长江科学院院报 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 40-45.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20171437

• 水资源与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

草海流域水质时空分布特征及污染评价

尹晓爱1,江波1,洪江2   

  1. 1.贵州大学 林学院,贵阳 550001;
    2.贵州科学院,贵阳 550009
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-13 修回日期:2018-03-04 出版日期:2019-09-01 发布日期:2019-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 洪 江(1987-),男,贵州贵阳人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事土壤化学与生态学方面研究。E-mail: hj-2786@163.com
  • 作者简介:尹晓爱(1994-),女,贵州安顺人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为水质污染及马尾松根系形态和营养。E-mail:18224844759@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑2803号)

Spatial and Temporal Features and Pollution Evaluation of Water Quality in Caohai Lake

YIN Xiao-ai1, JIANG Bo1, HONG Jiang2   

  1. 1.College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550001, China;
    2.Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China
  • Received:2017-12-13 Revised:2018-03-04 Published:2019-09-01 Online:2019-09-12

摘要: 为揭示草海流域水质的空间分布特征,对草海不同断面空间水体进行布点采样,参照《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)对水体主要污染指标进行检测,采用单因子污染指数法对草海水质进行了评价,探究草海水体污染物源以及变化规律。结果表明:草海丰水期DO、CODMn、CODCr、TP较枯水期高,其余的污染指标也表现为枯水期较好;水质指标总体上在码头通往湖中心方向的这段水域表现最差;CODMn和TP对草海水质产生的影响较大,超标指标主要为CODMn和CODCr;草海码头和草海出口处的水域的水质污染较重,其余水质相对较好。草海各断面空间的水质类别总体上在Ⅳ—Ⅴ类之间。草海流域应着力Ⅳ类水域治理,扩大Ⅲ类水域占比,从而缩减Ⅴ类水域,这对改善草海流域水质具有重要意义。研究成果可为草海流域污染防治及合理开发提供理论依据。

关键词: 水质, 时空分布, 污染评价, 单因子污染指数法, 草海流域

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to reveal the spatial distribution of water quality in Caohai Lake watershed, and to provide a theoretical basis for pollution prevention and rational development in Caohai Lake watershed. Water samples were collected from different sections of the lake and were tested to identify major pollutants in line with Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB 3838-2002). Furthermore the water quality of Caohai Lake was evaluated. Results showed that the concentrations of DO, CODMn, CODCr and TP of Caohai Lake in wet season are higher than those in dry season, and other pollutants are also lower in dry season. CODMn, CODCr and TP have greatest impact on water quality, among which CODMn and CODCr are two major standard-exceeding indexes. In general, the water quality in the area between pier and lake center is the worst, and the water quality at the outlet of the lake is also inferior. The water quality of Caohai Lake is generally between Ⅳ-class and Ⅴ-class. Treating Ⅳ-class water, expanding Ⅲ-class waters, and reducing Ⅴ-class water area is of great significance for improving the water quality of Caohai watershed.

Key words: water quality, spatial and temporal distribution, water pollution, single factor index method, Caohai Lake watershed

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