Abstract: The flood control concept which is a harmonious relationship among man, water and land was summarized from both a narrow and a broad perspective. In combination with the reality of flood prevention disaster reduction in Jianghan plain, the water control concept of the harmonious relationship among man, water and land was expounded from our national condition, the bases of harnessing rivers and flood occurrence causes. On the basis of the new flood control concept, it was discussed that the concept of the harmonious relationship among man, water and land was applied in flood control and disaster reduction, the key is to coordinate people ' s activities and the flood space, the precondition of flood control is to find out basin ' s geo-environment and hydrological evolution regularity.