简要回顾了国内外河流健康评价的主要方法，并分阶段总结了其发展过程；结合河流健康评价的需要，对评价的空间尺度进行了等别划分，并对河流生态系统变化的时空相关性进行了探讨，初步建立了时空相关关系；按照空间尺度等别，对国内外各种评价方法的时空适应性进行了探讨，并推荐了适宜于大、中、小评价尺度的评价方法。

The main methods of river health assessment in China and abroad are  reviewed, and the stages of its development are summarized. The spatial scales are classified in line with the requirements of river health assessment, and the spatial and temporal correlation of the  river ecosystem is established. Moreover, according to the classified spatial scales, the spatial adaptation of various methods are discussed and methods suitable for large, medium and small-scale evaluation are recommended.