用数值模型描述了水温分层水库中大规模高浓度泥沙流入时的水动力学现象,定量研究并讨论了如何改善这种情况下水库形成的长期浊水化现象。在大流量、高浓度时,洪水水流沿着水库底部向下游高速流动,撞击大坝后造成的回流形成洪水的混浊水体与水库内周围环境水体的混合,导致水库长时间浑浊,形成长期浊水放流。该机理提示了减少洪水后库内混浊水体积的可能性。数值实验表明,如果合理采用选择性取水设备,或通过下层泄洪口可以成功地减少混浊水和清洁水体的混合,将洪水后库内残余混浊水的量减少88％。进一步的计算表明,如果可以改变温度跃层的位置或泄洪口的高程,则可以控制洪水时泥水在水库中的流动,以改善洪水后浊水放流的状况。

The hydrodynamic behavior of large turbid current in stratified reservoir is depicted through numerical calculation results, and the succeeding long-term turbidity is quantitatively analyzed. The large volume current with dense sediment flows towards the downstream along the bottom of reservoir, and the backwater after clashing dam contributes much to the mixing of turbid water with surroundings, causing prolonged turbidity in the reservoir. This mechanism implied possible treatments to reduce the volume of the turbid water. Numerical experiments indicate that successfully purging the turbid water by a low layer outlet, such as a selective withdrawal device, reduces the residual turbid water in reservoir by 88%. Further calculations demonstrate that changing the stratification condition or the outlet elevation in reservoir is conducive to controlling the behavior of sediment flow, hence alleviating the turbidity problem after flood.