引江补汉工程丹江口下游近坝段枯水期通航水位恢复试验研究

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240632

长江科学院院报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 6-13.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20240632

引江补汉工程丹江口下游近坝段枯水期通航水位恢复试验研究

朱勇辉¹(), 郭小虎¹(), 李凌云¹, 王彦君¹, 张丹²

¹ 长江科学院水利部长江中下游河湖治理与防洪重点实验室,武汉 430010
² 湖北省碾盘山水利水电枢纽工程建设管理局(筹),武汉 430062

收稿日期:2024-06-18 修回日期:2024-08-26 出版日期:2024-10-01 发布日期:2024-10-25
通讯作者: 郭小虎(1981-),男,湖北荆门人,正高级工程师,博士,主要从事水力学及河流动力学方面的研究,E-mail:xiaohu001328@163.com
作者简介:
朱勇辉(1975-),男,湖南道县人,正高级工程师,博士,主要从事江湖演变与治理、防洪减灾等方面的研究。E-mail: zhuyh@mail.crsri.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2240206); 国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2240224); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CKSF2024326/HL); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CKSG2024272/HL); 2024年度湖北省科普教育基地提能项目(CKSD2024593/HL)

Experimental Study on Restoring Navigable Water Level in Near-dam Section Downstream of Danjiangkou during Dry Season for the Water Diversion Project from the Yangtze River to the Hanjiang River

ZHU Yong-hui¹(), GUO Xiao-hu¹(), LI Ling-yun¹, WANG Yan-jun¹, ZHANG Dan²

¹ Key Laboratory of Ministry of Water Resources on River and Lake Regulation and Flood Control in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
² Construction Management Bureau (Preparation) for Nianpanshan Water Conservancy and Hydropower Junction Project in Hubei Province, Wuhan 430062, China

Received:2024-06-18 Revised:2024-08-26 Published:2024-10-01 Online:2024-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

引江补汉工程补水口位于丹江口大坝下游安乐河出口约5 km处,且补水量与调水量基本一致,工程对航道的影响主要体现在减水段,为恢复枯水期通航水位需要开展航道综合治理。利用河工模型试验论证了综合治理方案的效果,并对方案进行了优化及进一步论证。结果表明,减水-补水212 m³/s方案尾门水位分别为86.47、85.90 m条件下,引航道口—黄家港段水位下降,黄家港以下水位保持不变,其中引航道口水位下降幅度最大,分别下降0.08、0.19 m;综合治理方案1实施后引航道口水位下降均为0.02 m,减水段的水位仍未恢复至调水前的水平,主因是从安乐河口补水的水流并未能进入到左侧主航道内;基于试验研究结果,建议对综合治理方案进行优化,在沧浪洲出水口下沿布置2道护底带;通过试验论证了护底带的4个高程,建议护底带高程为85.5 m,并对护底带高程进一步细化论证;优化后的方案可使引航道口至黄家港段的水位略超过调水前的水平,其中引航道口处最大水位抬高0.06 m。

关键词: 引江补汉工程, 近坝段, 枯水期, 通航水位, 河工模型试验, 恢复试验, 航道综合治理

Abstract:

The water replenishment inlet of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang River Diversion Project is located approximately 5 kilometers from Anle River outlet downstream of the Danjiangkou Dam, with the replenishment volume matching the diversion volume. The project’s impact on the waterway primarily manifests in the water reduction section. Comprehensive management is essential to restore navigable water levels during dry season. The effectiveness of the management plan was evaluated using a river engineering model, and the plan was optimized and further verified. Results indicate that, under the tailgate water levels of 86.47 meters and 85.90 meters for the 212 m³/s water reduction-replenishment plan, the water level from the diversion channel entrance to Huangjiagang decreases, while the water level downstream Huangjiagang remains unchanged. Notably, the water level at the diversion channel entrance experiences the largest drop, decreasing by 0.08 meters and 0.19 meters, respectively. After the comprehensive management plan 1 is implemented, the water level at the diversion channel entrance is reduced by 0.02 meters. However, the water level in the water-reduction section does not recover to pre-diversion levels, primarily because replenished water from the Anle River estuary fails to enter the left main waterway. Based on these experimental results, it is recommended to optimize the management plan by installing two bottom protection belts along the lower edge of the Canglangzhou outlet. Experiments identified four elevation values for these belts, with a recommendation to set the elevation at 85.5 meters. Further detailed analysis supports this elevation. The optimized plan is expected to slightly elevate the water level from the diversion channel entrance to Huangjiagang above pre-diversion levels, with a maximum increase of 0.06 meters at the channel entrance.

Key words: Water Diversion Project from the Yangtze River to the Hanjiang River, near-dam section, low water period, navigable water level, river engineering model, restoration test, comprehensive management of channel

中图分类号:

TV131.61水工模型试验

朱勇辉, 郭小虎, 李凌云, 王彦君, 张丹. 引江补汉工程丹江口下游近坝段枯水期通航水位恢复试验研究[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2024, 41(10): 6-13.

ZHU Yong-hui, GUO Xiao-hu, LI Ling-yun, WANG Yan-jun, ZHANG Dan. Experimental Study on Restoring Navigable Water Level in Near-dam Section Downstream of Danjiangkou during Dry Season for the Water Diversion Project from the Yangtze River to the Hanjiang River[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(10): 6-13.

图/表 15

图1 引江补汉工程输水隧洞出口段示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the outlet section of the water conveyance tunnel of the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang River Water Diversion Project

图2 2005—2020年近坝段航深线变化

Fig.2 Changes of navigation depth in the near-dam section from 2005 to 2020

表1 2005—2020年丹江口水库近坝段冲淤量变化

Table 1 Changes in the amount of scouring and silting in the near-dam section of Danjiangkou Reservoir from 2005 to 2020

河段范围	时段	冲淤量/(万m³)	平均冲深/m
坝址— 步行桥	2005-03—2011-11	-15.3	-0.05
	2011-11—2016-12	-5.2	-0.02
	2016-12—2020-03	-16.0	-0.06
步行桥— 汉江大桥	2005-03—2011-11	-11.2	-0.05
	2011-11—2016-12	10.5	0.05
	2016-12—2020-03	-16.2	-0.07
整个河段	2005-03—2011-11	-26.5	-0.05
	2011-11—2016-12	5.3	0.01
	2016-12—2020-03	-32.2	-0.06

图3 2005—2020年典型断面冲淤变化

Fig.3 Changes in erosion and siltation of typical sections from 2005 to 2020

图4 引江补汉工程丹江口下游近坝段定床模型布置示意图

Fig.4 Layout of the fixed-bed model of the near-dam section downstream of Danjiangkou Reservoir for the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang River Water Diversion Project

表2 定床模型比尺

Table 2 Scales of the fixed-bed model

相似条件	比尺名称	比尺
几何相似	平面比尺	1∶200
几何相似	垂直比尺	1∶100
水流运动相似	流量比尺	1∶200 000
	糙率比尺	1∶1.52
	流速比尺	1∶10

表3 定床模型试验水流条件

Table 3 Water flow conditions of the fixed-bed model test

组次	工况	干流河道流量/ (m³·s^-1)	安乐河补水流量/ (m³·s^-1)	尾门水位/m
1	方案前	490	0	86.47
2	方案前	490	0	85.90
3	减水-补水方案后	278	212	86.47
4	减水-补水方案后	278	212	85.90

图5 减水-补水212 m3/s方案实施前后试验河段水位变化

Fig.5 Changes in water level in the test river section before and after the implementation of reducing water intake and increasing water replenishment by 212 m3/s

图6 综合治理方案平面布置

Fig.6 Plan layout of comprehensive management scheme

图7 方案前、减水-补水212 m3/s+方案1实施后试验河段水位变化

Fig.7 Changes in water level before and after the implementation of management plan 1 in the test section after reducing water intake and increasing water replenishment by 212 m3/s

图8 沧浪洲出水口下沿新增2道护底带布置

Fig.8 Layout of two newly arranged bottom protection belts at the lower edge of Canglangzhou outlet

表4 不同2道护底带高程条件下的试验条件

Table 4 Test conditions for two bottom protection belts under different elevations

组次	工况	干流河道流量/ (m³·s^-1)	安乐河补水流量/(m³·s^-1)	尾门水位/m	护底带高程/m
1	调水后	278	212	85.90	85.0、85.2、 85.5、85.7
2	调水后	278	212	86.47	85.0、85.2、 85.5、85.7

图9 不同2道护底带高程条件下试验河段水位变化

Fig.9 Water level changes in the test section with different crest elevations of the two bottom protection belts

图10 2道护底带不同位置坝顶高程试验条件下试验河段水位变化

Fig.10 Water level changes in the test section with different crest elevations of the two bottom protection belts at different positions

图11 方案Ⅱ实施后典型断面流速变化(减水-补水212 m3/s尾门水位85.9 m)

Fig.11 Variation of flow velocity in typical section after the implementation of management plan Ⅱ(water reduction-replenishment 212 m3/s,and tailgate water level 85.9 m)

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引江补汉工程丹江口下游近坝段枯水期通航水位恢复试验研究

Experimental Study on Restoring Navigable Water Level in Near-dam Section Downstream of Danjiangkou during Dry Season for the Water Diversion Project from the Yangtze River to the Hanjiang River

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