模型试验中冲刷地形测绘装备相对落后,致使桥墩周围局部冲刷瞬时地形数据无法实时获取,冲刷动态发展过程及机理的模型试验研究工作难以开展。研制了一种模型桥墩局部冲刷瞬时地形数据等值线自动绘制装备,并利用室内水工模型试验优化了各组成的性能指标,量化了绘制装备的设计参数,分析了监测系统在模型应用中的测绘精度及在工程原型中的适用性。模型试验研究表明,该装备结构简单,操作方便,加工制作成本较低,精度及灵敏性较高,能够快速获取动态过程中局部冲刷瞬时地形等值线,适用于局部冲刷发展影响流场特性研究中的水下地形快速测绘,也可按放大比尺制作成型后应用于涉水建筑物周围水下地形监测。
Abstract
The surveying and mapping equipment of underwater topography change caused by scour lags behind in hydraulic model experiment. Instantaneous terrain data of local scour around bridge pier cannot be acquired in real time at present; and the model verification experiment on scour mechanism and dynamic development process cannot be carried out with convenience. In view of this, we developed an automatic contour drawing device for instantaneous topographic data of local scour of model pier.Through laboratory model experiment, we optimized the performance index of each component and quantified the design parameters of drawing equipment. We also analyzed the precision in model application and the applicability in prototype project. Model experiments manifested that the equipment is of simple structure, convenient operation and low processing cost. It can quickly obtain the instantaneous topographic contour of local erosion in the dynamic process with high precision and sensitivity. It is suitable for rapid underwater topographic mapping in the study of flow field characteristics influenced by local scour development, and is also applicable to the monitoring of underwater terrain around water-involving buildings when molded with enlarged scale.
关键词
桥梁桥墩 /
局部冲刷 /
水下地形 /
测绘装备 /
河工模型试验
Key words
bridge piers /
local scour /
underwater topography /
surveying and mapping equipment /
river engineering model experiment
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 毛伟琦,胡雄伟.中国大跨度桥梁最新进展与展望[J].桥梁建设,2020,50(1):13-19.
[2] ZHOU X, ZHANG X. Thoughts on the Development of Bridge Technology in China[J]. Engineering, 2019, 5(6): 1120-1130.
[3] 向琪芪, 李亚东, 魏 凯,等. 桥梁基础冲刷研究综述[J]. 西南交通大学学报, 2019, 54(2):235-248.
[4] 房世龙,陈 红,施小飞.淹没垂直圆柱周围水流结构及紊流特性试验研究[J].长江科学院院报,2016,33(12):55-60
[5] 王玲玲,俞佳亮,朱 海.桥墩局部冲刷研究进展[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(3):223-229.
[6] 房世龙,陈 红,王 岗.桥墩局部冲刷防护工程特性研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2007,27(4):84-89.
[7] 吴 迪,陈学军,黄 翔,等.海水环境下桥墩抗冲刷技术研究[J].公路工程,2019,44(5):93-98.
[8] 王 飞,姚磊华,张 彬.桥墩局部冲刷动态模拟及不同截面的冲刷特性[J].水利水电科技进展,2018,38(3):81-87.
[9] 段玮玮, 孙 佳, 朱海芬. 波浪作用下跨海桥梁桩基冲刷防护装置特性研究[J]. 浙江海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 38(5):77-82.
[10] 房世龙,陈 红,施小飞.三杆六脚体对桥墩周围流场影响的试验研究[J].人民长江,2015,46(10):61-66.
[11] 房世龙,钱俊峰,陈 红.圆柱桥墩清水局部冲刷透水三杆架体防护特性试验研究[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(8):98-102.
[12] 房世龙,施小飞,倪 飞.桥墩局部冲刷远程实时监测技术研究进展[J].公路工程,2015,40(6):88-95.
[13] NAMAEE M R, SUI J. Impact of Armour Layer on the Depth of Scour Hole around Side-by-Side Bridge Piers under Ice-covered Flow Condition[J]. Journal of Hydrology & Hydromechanics, 2019, 67(3): 240-251.
[14] 张昕健,渠 庚,范北林.溃堤洪水与堤后冲刷研究综述及展望[J].长江科学院院报,2019,36(4):13-16,42.
[15] 卢金友,朱勇辉.水利枢纽下游河床冲刷与再造过程研究进展[J].长江科学院院报,2019,36(12):1-9.
[16] 罗柏文,夏毅敏,卜英勇,等.摆动式超声单波束水下微地形探测实验台建立[J].实验室研究与探索,2019,28(10):19-22.
[17] 叶文江,李儒颂,邢红玉.超声光栅测量液体中声速的改进[J].实验室研究与探索,2015,34(11):26-29.
[18] 晏成明,陈 红,吴严君.河床地形实时在线监测系统开发及其应用[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(12):130-132.
[19] JAMEI M, AHMADIANFAR I. Prediction of Scour Depth at Piers with Debris Accumulation Effects Using Linear Genetic Programming[J]. Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, 2020, 38(4): 468-479.
[20] 杨程生,高正荣,唐晓春.感潮河段大型桥梁营运期水下地形监测研究[J].人民长江,2019,47(14):51-55,85.
[21] CHIEW Y M,LIM F H. Failure Behavior of Riprap Layer at Bridge Piers under Live-Bed Conditions[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2000,126(1):43-55.
基金
江苏省“333 工程”科研资助项目(BRA2018372);江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队项目(2017-49);2020年度江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2020127030016Y);2021年江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目(JS202102)
PDF(1565 KB)
