长江科学院院报 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 76-82.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20201283

• 水力学 • 上一篇    下一篇

滑坡涌浪近远场划分及其水波特性分析

张少强1, 黄筱云1,2, 程永舟1,2, 沈保兴1   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学 水利工程学院,长沙 410114;
    2.长沙理工大学 水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410114
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-10 修回日期:2021-03-26 出版日期:2022-05-01 发布日期:2022-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 黄筱云(1980-),男,湖南常德人,副教授,博士,主要从事波浪、水流及边界相互作用等方面的研究。E-mail: xiaoyun.huang@csust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张少强(1995-),男,湖南益阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事滑坡涌浪数值模拟研究。E-mail: 675692517@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52071031);湖南省水利科技项目(XSKJ2019081-48)

Near and Far Field Division of Landslide Surge and Analysis of Water Wave Characteristics

ZHANG Shao-qiang1, HUANG Xiao-yun1,2, CHENG Yong-zhou1,2, SHEN Bao-xing1   

  1. 1. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha 410114, China
  • Received:2020-12-10 Revised:2021-03-26 Online:2022-05-01 Published:2022-05-17

摘要: 滑坡涌浪是一种危害较大的次生灾害,会对人民的生命财产安全造成重大威胁。为探究滑坡涌浪在不同场域的涌浪水波特性,及时发现危害并采取防范措施,对滑坡涌浪全程进行数值模拟。通过CFD软件FLOW-3D建立滑坡涌浪数值模型,并将其模拟精度与有效性,与经典滑坡涌浪试验进行验证。对比结果表明数值模拟涌浪首浪高度与物理模型试验结果一致性较好,数值模拟能反映滑坡涌浪传播的整个过程。基于数值模型,制定关于滑坡体密度、滑坡体体积及滑坡体初始入水特征的27组数值模拟试验。结果表明:近场涌浪回弹及首波波谷出现时间与滑坡体密度呈负相关;近场涌浪首波势能占全程涌浪势能的70%左右;远场涌浪周期约为滑坡体水下运动时间的2倍;通过涌浪势能给出了特定条件下距滑坡体入水点22 m处为远场涌浪波起始位置。研究成果为滑坡涌浪灾害的预警和防治提供一定的参考,可避免发生更大灾害,减少损失。

关键词: 滑坡涌浪, 场域, 水波特性, 数值模拟, FLOW-3D

Abstract: As a secondary disaster with great harm, landslide surge poses great threats to people's life and property safety. In the aim of discovering hazards and taking preventive measures, the whole process of landslide surge wave was simulated numerically to explore the characteristics of surge waves in different fields. A numerical model of landslide surge wave was established by CFD Flow-3D. The accuracy and effectiveness of the model were verified by classical landslide surge wave test. The height of the first wave simulated by the numerical simulation was in good agreement with the result of physical model test, implying that the numerical simulation could reflect the whole process of landslide surge wave propagation. Based on the numerical model, 27 groups of numerical simulation tests on landslide density, landslide volume and initial water entry characteristics were developed. Results revealed a negative correlation between the rebound of the near field surge wave and the occurrence time of the first wave trough and the density of the landslide. The first potential energy of the near field surge wave accounts for about 70% of the whole surge potential energy. The period of the far field surge wave is about two times of the underwater movement time of the landslide body. According to the surge potential energy, the initial position of the far field surge wave is 22 meters away from the water entry point of the landslide under certain conditions. The research findings are of referential value for the early warning and prevention of landslide surge disaster in practice.

Key words: landslide surge, field, water waves' features, numerical simulation, FLOW-3D

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