在实际爆破工程中,药包因自身重量与炮孔处于偏心不耦合的相对位置。此装药结构下,爆破荷载对其炮孔近区的岩体作用分布不均匀,会造成炮孔近区爆炸能量及损伤演化分布的差异。利用数值模拟软件,分别采用HJC模型和RHT模型建立岩石单孔爆破结构,探究了不同本构模型下偏心不耦合装药岩体的爆炸损伤特性。结果表明,基于本文的模拟环境,同心不耦合装药条件下,炮孔周围损伤程度基本相同,但RHT模型下的损伤范围比HJC模型大近一倍;随着偏心系数的增大,HJC模型损伤范围偏向于炮孔耦合侧,RHT模型炮孔耦合侧与非耦合侧爆破损伤范围分布不均;RHT模型能更准确地呈现实际爆破工程中岩体裂纹的扩展形态。

In practical blasting engineering, the charge often assumes an eccentric and uncoupled position relative to the blast hole due to its own weight. This charge arrangement results in a non-uniform distribution of blasting load on the surrounding rock mass, leading to variations in explosion energy and damage patterns near the blast hole. Single-hole rock blasting structure was numerically simulated by using the HJC model and RHT model to investigate the blasting dynamic response and damage characteristics of eccentric uncoupled charge under different constitutive models. Results reveal that, in the simulation environment in this study, concentric uncoupled charges cause uniform damage around the hole. However, the damage range predicted by the RHT model is nearly twice that predicted by the HJC model. As the eccentricity coefficient increases, the HJC model shows greater damage on the coupled side of the hole, while the RHT model exhibits an uneven distribution of damage between the coupled and uncoupled sides of the borehole. In conclusion, the RHT model more accurately describes rock crack propagation in actual blasting scenarios.