关键词: 开挖坡面, 地表径流, 侵蚀, 人工降雨

Abstract: By artificial simulated rainfall experiments, we researched the regularity of runoff and sediment yield on disturbed slope surface of four soil types (sandy soil, silty loam, stony soil, and clayey soil) under different rainfall intensities. Results showed that the time of surface runoff initiation shortened within the range of 3.3 min-24.9 min with the increase of rainfall intensity. The runoff velocity on the upper slope was larger than that on the middle slope, followed by that on the lower slope, but the stream power of the whole slope changed slightly throughout the entire rainfall process. The sediment yield of stony and clayey slope were the biggest, both increased firstly and decreased subsequently, while the sediment yield of sandy and silty loam slope were small and showed an increasing trend. At the same slope gradient and the same precipitation, the sediment yield of stony soil was the largest, followed by silty loam and sandy soil in sequence, while the sediment yield of clayey slope increased with the rainfall intensity increase.

Key words: excavated slope , surface runoff , erosion , simulated rainfall