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红壤高陡边坡新型生态修复喷混植生基材试验
许文盛, 刘尧松, 王可, 张志华, 张文杰, 李力, 肖海, 李昊
长江科学院院报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11) : 56-64.
PDF(1775 KB)
PDF(1775 KB)
红壤高陡边坡新型生态修复喷混植生基材试验
Experimental Study on a New Spray-mixed Vegetation Substrate for Ecological Restoration of High and Steep Red Soil Slopes
边坡生态修复是输变电工程建设的一项重要内容,传统的喷混植生技术使用水泥作为粘结剂导致基材植被出芽率较低,制约了生态修复效果。以红壤区输变电工程高陡边坡为研究对象,用高分子化学粘结剂海藻多糖代替水泥,外加生态肥料和纤维,以狗牙根为植物物种,开展室内直剪试验和盆栽试验,分析红壤新型喷混植生基材的力学和植生性能。结果表明:海藻多糖和纤维是影响新型喷混植生基材黏聚力的主要因素,对于狗牙根出芽率,海藻多糖与其呈负相关,生态肥料与其呈显著正相关,纤维对其无显著影响;海藻多糖提升基材黏聚力的最佳掺量为1%,纤维的掺入也能提高黏聚力,且掺量为0.75%时达到峰值;当海藻多糖掺量为1%,生态肥料掺量为5%时,狗牙根出芽率达到100%,有较好的应用效果。研究成果可为红壤高陡边坡生态修复提供新的技术参考。
Slope ecological restoration is important in the construction of power transmission projects. In traditional spray-sowing technology, we use cement as binding materials, which results in a low germination rate of vegetative substrate, restricting the ecological restoration efficiency. Taking the high-steep slope of power transmission construction project in the red soil area as research object, we used seaweed polysaccharide, which is a polymer chemical binder, to replace cement, with addition of ecological fertilizer and fiber. Indoor direct shear tests and pot experiments were carried out with bermudagrass as the plant species to analyze the mechanical and planting properties of the neotype spray-sowing substrate in red soil. Results showed that seaweed polysaccharide and fiber were the main factors affecting the cohesion of the neotype spray-sowing substrate. Bermudagrass germination rate was negatively correlated with seaweed polysaccharide content, while was significantly positively correlated with ecological fertilizer content, and exhibited no significant correlation with fiber content. The optimum content of seaweed polysaccharide to improve the substrate cohesion was 1%. The addition of fiber could also improve the cohesion, and the maximum cohesion was achieved when fiber content was 0.75%. When the content of seaweed polysaccharide was 1% and the content of ecological fertilizer was 5%, the bermudagrass germination reached 100%. The research results would provide new technical references for ecological restoration of high-steep slopes in red soil areas.
红壤高陡边坡 / 喷混植生基材 / 海藻多糖 / 力学性能 / 植生性能
high steep red soil slopes / spray-mixed vegetation substrate / seaweed polyacrylamide / mechanical properties / vegetation performance
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A ternary quadratic rotational combinational design was used to determine the effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertiliser on bermudagrass soilless sod over plastic. The spent mushroom compost was used as the main substrate and coal cinder, sludge and sand as the assistant mixtures. Sod performance, such as establishment time, sod formation time, root activity, sod weight, aboveground and underground biomass, chlorophyll content and density, and integrated turf quality of different fertiliser mixture, were analysed. Sod weight was stable but there were significant differences in the other parameters. All three factors influenced integrated turf quality, but P was the most important. The interactions among the three factors were significant. The regression model between integrated turf quality and three ingredients was established with the method of fuzzy subordinate function analysis, and the optimal mixture of fertilisers was obtained using simulations, one of which was: 3.403 5-3.746 8 g/m<sup>2</sup> N, 8.673 7-9.450 7 g/m<sup>2</sup> P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and 4.576 9-4.697 7 g/m<sup>2</sup> K<sub>2</sub>O.
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