红壤高陡边坡新型生态修复喷混植生基材试验

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20230741

长江科学院院报 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (11): 56-64.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20230741

红壤高陡边坡新型生态修复喷混植生基材试验

许文盛¹^,²^,³(), 刘尧松¹^,², 王可²^,³, 张志华²^,³, 张文杰²^,³, 李力²^,³, 肖海¹, 李昊²^,³

¹ 三峡大学土木与建筑学院,湖北宜昌 443002
² 长江科学院水土保持研究所,武汉 430010
³ 水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心,武汉 430010

收稿日期:2023-07-09 修回日期:2023-11-07 出版日期:2024-11-01 发布日期:2024-11-26
作者简介:
许文盛(1983-),男,安徽金寨人,正高级工程师,博士,从事流域泥沙输移、水土保持及生态修复研究。E-mail: 51648344@qq.com
基金资助:
国家电网公司总部科技项目(5200-202121087A-0-0-00); 国网福建省电力有限公司科技项目(521304220029); 湖北省自然科学基金项目(2021CFB129); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2021446/TB); 武汉市知识创新专项-基础研究项目(2022020801010236)

Experimental Study on a New Spray-mixed Vegetation Substrate for Ecological Restoration of High and Steep Red Soil Slopes

XU Wen-sheng¹^,²^,³(), LIU Yao-song¹^,², WANG Ke²^,³, ZHANG Zhi-hua²^,³, ZHANG Wen-jie²^,³, LI Li²^,³, Xiao Hai¹, LI Hao²^,³

¹ College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002,China
² Soil & Water Conservation Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China
³ Research Center of Mountain Torrent Geological Disaster Prevention and Control Engineering Technology,Ministry of Water Resources, Wuhan 430010,China

Received:2023-07-09 Revised:2023-11-07 Published:2024-11-01 Online:2024-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

边坡生态修复是输变电工程建设的一项重要内容,传统的喷混植生技术使用水泥作为粘结剂导致基材植被出芽率较低,制约了生态修复效果。以红壤区输变电工程高陡边坡为研究对象,用高分子化学粘结剂海藻多糖代替水泥,外加生态肥料和纤维,以狗牙根为植物物种,开展室内直剪试验和盆栽试验,分析红壤新型喷混植生基材的力学和植生性能。结果表明:海藻多糖和纤维是影响新型喷混植生基材黏聚力的主要因素,对于狗牙根出芽率,海藻多糖与其呈负相关,生态肥料与其呈显著正相关,纤维对其无显著影响;海藻多糖提升基材黏聚力的最佳掺量为1%,纤维的掺入也能提高黏聚力,且掺量为0.75%时达到峰值;当海藻多糖掺量为1%,生态肥料掺量为5%时,狗牙根出芽率达到100%,有较好的应用效果。研究成果可为红壤高陡边坡生态修复提供新的技术参考。

关键词: 红壤高陡边坡, 喷混植生基材, 海藻多糖, 力学性能, 植生性能

Abstract:

Slope ecological restoration is important in the construction of power transmission projects. In traditional spray-sowing technology, we use cement as binding materials, which results in a low germination rate of vegetative substrate, restricting the ecological restoration efficiency. Taking the high-steep slope of power transmission construction project in the red soil area as research object, we used seaweed polysaccharide, which is a polymer chemical binder, to replace cement, with addition of ecological fertilizer and fiber. Indoor direct shear tests and pot experiments were carried out with bermudagrass as the plant species to analyze the mechanical and planting properties of the neotype spray-sowing substrate in red soil. Results showed that seaweed polysaccharide and fiber were the main factors affecting the cohesion of the neotype spray-sowing substrate. Bermudagrass germination rate was negatively correlated with seaweed polysaccharide content, while was significantly positively correlated with ecological fertilizer content, and exhibited no significant correlation with fiber content. The optimum content of seaweed polysaccharide to improve the substrate cohesion was 1%. The addition of fiber could also improve the cohesion, and the maximum cohesion was achieved when fiber content was 0.75%. When the content of seaweed polysaccharide was 1% and the content of ecological fertilizer was 5%, the bermudagrass germination reached 100%. The research results would provide new technical references for ecological restoration of high-steep slopes in red soil areas.

Key words: high steep red soil slopes, spray-mixed vegetation substrate, seaweed polyacrylamide, mechanical properties, vegetation performance

中图分类号:

许文盛, 刘尧松, 王可, 张志华, 张文杰, 李力, 肖海, 李昊. 红壤高陡边坡新型生态修复喷混植生基材试验[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2024, 41(11): 56-64.

XU Wen-sheng, LIU Yao-song, WANG Ke, ZHANG Zhi-hua, ZHANG Wen-jie, LI Li, Xiao Hai, LI Hao. Experimental Study on a New Spray-mixed Vegetation Substrate for Ecological Restoration of High and Steep Red Soil Slopes[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2024, 41(11): 56-64.

图/表 11

表1 正交试验设计

Table 1 Design of orthogonal test

试验组号	海藻多糖掺量/%	生态肥料掺量/%	纤维掺量/%
1	1	0	0
2	1	1	0.25
3	1	3	0.50
4	1	5	0.75
5	3	0	0.75
6	3	1	0.50
7	3	3	0.25
8	3	5	0
9	2	0	0.50
10	2	1	0.75
11	2	3	0
12	2	5	0.25
13	0	0	0.25
14	0	1	0
15	0	3	0.75
16	0	5	0.50

表2 基材外加组份相关性分析

Table 2 Correlation analysis of additive components of substrate

名称	海藻多糖	生态肥料	纤维	黏聚力	出芽率	株高	植被覆盖度
海藻多糖	1
生态肥料	0	1
纤维	0	0	1
黏聚力	-0.512*	0.252	0.534*	1
出芽率	-0.516	0.579*	0.151	0.314	1
株高	0.366	0.405	-0.070	0.159	-0.084	1
植被覆盖度	0.022	0.819	0.059	0.46	0.628**	0.566*	1

表3 基材外加组份极差分析

Table 3 Range analysis of additive components of substrate

衡量指标	外加组份	K₁	K₂	K₃	K₄	R
	海藻多糖	15.25	20.65	10.60	9.20	11.45
黏聚力	生态肥料	12.25	12.10	15.80	15.55	3.70
	纤维	10.05	11.75	15.20	18.70	8.65
	海藻多糖	86.00	85.00	93.75	81.50	12.50
出芽率	生态肥料	79.25	83.00	91.25	92.75	13.50
	纤维	86.75	81.75	89.25	88.50	7.50
	海藻多糖	147.50	212.50	171.25	193.75	65.00
株高	生态肥料	163.75	178.75	183.75	198.75	35.00
	纤维	183.75	183.75	177.50	180.00	6.25
	海藻多糖	56.75	70.75	65.00	59.25	14.00
植被覆盖度	生态肥料	45.50	60.75	69.50	76.00	30.50
	纤维	61.75	61.25	65.75	63.00	4.50

图1 海藻多糖掺量对黏聚力的影响

Fig.1 Influence of seaweed polysaccharide content on cohesion

图2 纤维掺量对黏聚力的影响

Fig.2 Influence of fiber content on cohesion

图3 不同肥料掺量水平下海藻多糖对出芽率的影响

Fig.3 Effect of seaweed polysaccharide content on germination rate at different fertilizer content levels

图4 海藻多糖掺量对60 d时株高的影响

Fig.4 Effect of seaweed polysaccharide content on plant height at 60 days

图5 海藻多糖掺量对60 d时植被覆盖度的影响

Fig.5 Effect of seaweed polysaccharide content on vegetation coverage at 60 days

图6 生态肥料掺量对60 d时狗牙根出芽率的影响

Fig.6 Effect of ecological fertilizer content on the germination rate of bermudagrass at 60 days

图7 生态肥料掺量对60 d时狗牙根株高的影响

Fig.7 Effect of ecological fertilizer content on the plant height of bermudagrass at 60 days

图8 生态肥料对60 d时狗牙根植被覆盖度的影响及狗牙根不同时期的变化

Fig.8 Effect of ecological fertilizer content on vegeta-tion coverage and variation of bermudagrass at 60 days

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红壤高陡边坡新型生态修复喷混植生基材试验

Experimental Study on a New Spray-mixed Vegetation Substrate for Ecological Restoration of High and Steep Red Soil Slopes

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