为明确芜湖内河水体中重金属健康危险程度,以芜湖内河为研究对象,选取芜湖3条典型城市河道设置采样断面,对样品中Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn这6种重金属进行测试分析,使用健康风险模型评价重金属对人体健康风险。水样分析结果表明:研究区重金属Mn、Ni超过《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)Ⅲ类水标准,Cr、Pb有部分点位超过Ⅲ类水标准。主成分分析结果表明:Cu、Ni、Mn和Zn由工业和生活源控制,Pb属于交通源因子,Cr是自然地质背景和人类活动因子。健康风险评价结果表明:6种重金属不存在非致癌风险,汇成河道和中山南路河道存在非致癌风险,直接摄入途径下,重金属Cr和Ni存在致癌风险。该研究结果可为芜湖城市内河水体重金属污染防治和居民生活安全用水提供措施和建议。

To assess the health risks associated with heavy metals in Wuhu’s inland waters, we selected sampling sections in three typical urban rivers in Wuhu to test the concentrations of six heavy metals—Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. We used a health risk model to evaluate the potential risks these metals pose to human health. Analysis of water samples revealed that Mn and Ni exceeded Class III water quality standards (according to the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water (GB3838—2002)), while Cr and Pb also surpassed the standard at certain locations. Principal component analysis identified that Cu, Ni, Mn, and Zn are influenced by industrial and domestic sources, Pb is associated with traffic, and Cr is affected by both natural geological factors and human activities. The health risk assessment indicated no non-carcinogenic risk for the six metals overall. However, there was a non-carcinogenic risk in the Huicheng River Channel and the Zhongshan South Road Channel, and a carcinogenic risk for Cr and Ni through direct intake pathways. These findings offer guidance for measures and recommendations to mitigate heavy metal pollution in Wuhu’s urban inland waters and ensure safe drinking water for residents.