基于2001—2021年Landsat遥感数据,研究巢湖流域植被覆盖多年变化,利用时空地理加权模型探讨地形、气候及人类活动的驱动影响。结果表明:①流域内平均植被覆盖度0.75,近20 a总体呈增加趋势,增速0.12%/a;2009年前,呈下降趋势,2009年后,呈增加趋势。②流域内89.79%的区域植被覆盖度高于0.6,不同土地利用的植被覆盖度为林地>旱作农田>稀疏植被>灌溉农田>城市建成区>湿地,湿地受蓄水排涝功能的影响,植被覆盖度相对较低。③近20 a,34.78%的区域植被覆盖度发生变化,以增加趋势为主,面积占比62.73%,集中在合肥市老城区、山区林地、沿江北岸平原地带以及环巢湖湿地区域,政策上的生态环境保护和流域治理对植被覆盖产生正影响成效显著;减少趋势发生在城市外围和部分耕地区域,体现城镇化建设、耕地种植模式等人类活动对植被覆盖的负影响,对于引江济淮(派河—东淝河)段施工沿线和柘皋河流域植被覆盖度减少,应值得关注。④2010年前,地形因素的影响逐年降低,气候作用逐年增加,2010年后,地形因素持续增加并成为主要因素。⑤人类活动对植被覆盖的影响程度整体呈增强趋势,生态环境得到改善,增强幅度为0.013%/(10 a)。
Abstract
Based on Landsat remote sensing data from 2001 to 2021, we investigated the vegetation cover changes in Chaohu Lake Basin, and further delved into the driving effects of terrain, climate and human activities by using Geographical and Temporal Weighted Regression (GTWR). The findings reveal several key points: 1) The average vegetation coverage within the basin stood at 0.75, exhibiting a consistent upward trajectory over the past two decades, with an annual growth rate of 0.12%. Notably, a declining trend prevailed before 2009, followed by a subsequent upswing. 2) A substantial majority (89.79%) of the area exhibited vegetation coverage exceeding 0.6, with forested land boasting the highest coverage, followed by dry farmland, sparse vegetation, irrigated farmland, urban built-up area, and wetland in descending order. The low vegetation cover in wetlands can be attributed to water management functions such as storage and drainage. 3) Over the past two decades, 34.78% of the region witnessed changes in vegetation coverage, predominantly characterized by an increasing trend encompassing 62.73% of the total area. These changes were notably concentrated in the historical urban core of Hefei, mountainous forest regions, plains along the northern river bank, and wetlands surrounding Chaohu Lake. Policies of ecological conservation and watershed governance exerted an evident positive influence on vegetation coverage. Conversely, diminishing trends were observed in the periphery of the city and in some cultivated land areas, reflecting adverse impacts of urbanization and cultivation practices. Particular attention should be paid to the declining vegetation coverage along the construction line of Paihe River to Dongfei River segment of the Water Diversion Project from Yangtze River to Huaihe River, as well as the Zhegao River basin. 4) Prior to 2010, the influence of topographical factors exhibited a declining trend, while climatic effects gradually intensified. Conversely, after 2010, topographical factors intensified and emerged as the predominant driving force of vegetation changes. 5) Human activities exerted an overall increasing influence on vegetation cover, contributing to ecological environment at an enhancement rate of 0.013% per decade.
关键词
植被覆盖度 /
时空分析 /
驱动影响 /
Landsat遥感数据 /
时空地理加权模型 /
巢湖流域
Key words
vegetation coverage /
spatio-temporal analysis /
driving effect /
Landsat remote sensing data /
geographical and temporal weighted regression /
Chaohu Lake Basin
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 李 猷. 中国东部地区植被动态及其驱动因素分析[D]. 北京:北京大学,2011. (LI You. Vegetation Dynamics and Driving Factors in Eastern China[D]. Beijing: Peking University,2011. (in Chinese))
[2] 刘 斌, 罗全华, 常文哲, 等. 不同林草植被覆盖度的水土保持效益及适宜植被覆盖度[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2008, 6(6): 68-73. (LIU Bin, LUO Quan-hua, CHANG Wen-zhe, et al. Relationship between Percentage of Vegetative Cover and Soil Erosion[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008, 6(6): 68-73.(in Chinese))
[3] 马梓策, 于红博, 曹聪明, 等. 中国植被覆盖度时空特征及其影响因素分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2020, 29(6): 1310-1321. (MA Zi-ce, YU Hong-bo, CAO Cong-ming, et al. Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Fractional Vegetation Coverage and Its Influencing Factors in China[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2020, 29(6): 1310-1321.(in Chinese))
[4] 顾羊羊, 邹长新, 乔旭宁, 等. 2000—2015年黔西南州植被覆盖时空变化及影响因素分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(11): 1413-1422. (GU Yang-yang, ZOU Chang-xin, QIAO Xu-ning, et al. Spatio-temporal Variations of Fractional Vegetation Coverage and Influencing Factors in Qianxi’nan Prefecture from 2000 to 2015[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(11): 1413-1422.(in Chinese))
[5] 刘正佳, 邵全琴. 三江源地区植被覆盖度变化及其与气候因子的关系[J]. 水土保持研究, 2014, 21(6): 334-339. (LIU Zheng-jia, SHAO Quan-qin. Vegetation Coverage Change and Its Response to Climate Change in Three-river Headwaters Region[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014, 21(6): 334-339.(in Chinese))
[6] 郭 辉. 2000-2013年塔里木河干流植被覆盖度时空变化特征及影响因子分析[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2016. (GUO Hui. Spatial-temporal Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Vegetation Coverage in the Main Stream of Tarim River from 2000 to 2013[D].Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016. (in Chinese))
[7] 郑朝菊, 曾 源, 赵玉金, 等. 近15年中国西南地区植被覆盖度动态变化[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2017, 29(3): 128-136. (ZHENG Zhao-ju, ZENG Yuan, ZHAO Yu-jin, et al. Monitoring and Dynamic Analysis of Fractional Vegetation Cover in Southwestern China over the Past 15 Years Based on MODIS Data[J]. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2017, 29(3): 128-136.(in Chinese))
[8] 陈 宽, 杨晨晨, 白力嘎, 等. 基于地理探测器的内蒙古自然和人为因素对植被NDVI变化的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(12): 4963-4975. (CHEN Kuan, YANG Chen-chen, BAI Li-ga, et al. Effects of Natural and Human Factors on Vegetation Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Based on Geographical Detectors in Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2021, 41(12): 4963-4975.(in Chinese))
[9] 杨婷婷, 韦 丹, 马祥庆, 等. 基于随机森林模型长汀县植被覆盖度的影响因子[J]. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 46(6): 641-647. (YANG Ting-ting, WEI Dan, MA Xiang-qing, et al. Factors Affecting Vegetation Coverage in Changting County Based on Random Forest Algorithm[J]. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 46(6): 641-647.(in Chinese))
[10] 滕 玲. 基于时序Landsat解析合肥市植被覆盖度动态变化研究[D]. 合肥: 安徽大学, 2016. (TENG Ling. Dynamic Changes in Vegetation Coverage Using 1990-2013 Landsat Time Series[D].Hefei: Anhui University, 2016. (in Chinese))
[11] WANG Y,LI M.Annually Urban Fractional Vegetation Cover Dynamic Mapping in Hefei,China(1999-2018)[J].Remote Sensing,2021,13(11):2126.
[12] 赵秋雨, 江 鹏, 朱志强, 等. 1975—2020 a环巢湖湿地景观格局演变及驱动分析[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2022, 39(5): 45-53, 62. (ZHAO Qiu-yu, JIANG Peng, ZHU Zhi-qiang, et al. Evolution and Driving Forces Analysis of Wetland Landscape Pattern around Chaohu Lake from 1975 to 2020[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2022, 39(5): 45-53, 62.(in Chinese))
[13] RIIHIMÄKI H,LUOTO M,HEISKANEN J.Estimating Fractional Cover of Tundra Vegetation at Multiple Scales Using Unmanned Aerial Systems and Optical Satellite Data[J]. Remote Sensing of Environment,2019,224:119-132.
[14] 庞国伟, 山琳昕, 杨勤科, 等. 陕西省不同地貌类型区植被覆盖度时空变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2021, 38(3): 51-58, 76. (PANG Guo-wei, SHAN Lin-xin, YANG Qin-ke, et al. Vegetation Coverage in Different Landforms of Shaanxi Province: Spatial and Temporal Variations and Influencing Factors[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2021, 38(3): 51-58, 76.(in Chinese))
[15] 周志强,曾 源,张 磊,等.南水北调中线水源区植被覆盖度遥感监测分析[J].国土资源遥感,2012,24(1):70-76.(ZHOU Zhi-qiang,ZENG Yuan,ZHANG Lei,et al. Remote Sensing Monitoring and Analysis of Fractional Vegetation Cover in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of Projects to Divert Water from the South to the North[J]. Remote Sensing for Land & Resources, 2012, 24(1): 70-76.(in Chinese))
[16] 吕丹红, 姜琦刚, 王德军, 等. Landsat数据的植被覆盖估算和景观格局分析[J]. 测绘科学, 2018, 43(11): 157-164. (LÜ Dan-hong, JIANG Qi-gang, WANG De-jun, et al. Estimation of Vegetation Cover and Analysis of Landscape Pattern Base on Landsat Data[J]. Science of Surveying and Mapping, 2018, 43(11): 157-164.(in Chinese))
[17] 陈 晨, 王义民, 黎云云, 等. 黄河流域1982—2015年不同气候区植被时空变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2022, 39(2): 56-62. (CHEN Chen, WANG Yi-min, LI Yun-yun, et al. Vegetation Changes and Influencing Factors in Different Climatic Regions of Yellow River Basin from 1982 to 2015[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2022, 39(2): 56-62. (in Chinese))
[18] FOTHERINGHAM A S, CRESPO R, YAO J. Geographical and Temporal Weighted Regression (GTWR)[J]. Geographical Analysis, 2015, 47(4): 431-452.
[19] 卢宾宾,葛 咏,秦 昆,等.地理加权回归分析技术综述[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2020,45(9):1356-1366.(LU Bin-bin, GE Yong, QIN Kun, et al. A Review on Geographically Weighted Regression[J]. Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University, 2020, 45(9): 1356-1366.(in Chinese))
[20] 姚镇海,吴丹娃,褚荣浩,等.安徽省植被覆盖度动态变化及其对地形的响应[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(3):283-290.(YAO Zhen-hai, WU Dan-wa, CHU Rong-hao, et al. Dynamic Change of Vegetation Coverage and Its Response to Topography in Anhui Province[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021, 41(3): 283-290.(in Chinese))
[21] 张 亮, 丁明军, 张华敏, 等. 1982—2015年长江流域植被覆盖度时空变化分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(12): 2084-2097. (ZHANG Liang, DING Ming-jun, ZHANG Hua-min, et al. Spatiotemporal Variation of the Vegetation Coverage in Yangtze River Basin during 1982-2015[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2018, 33(12): 2084-2097.(in Chinese))
[22] 刘 鹏. 大别山植物区系及南坡和北坡相关性研究[J]. 广西植物, 1993, 13(3): 225-233. (LIU Peng. A Study on the Flora of the Dabieshan and the Interrelationship between the Southern and the Northern Slope[J]. Guihaia, 1993, 13(3): 225-233.(in Chinese))
基金
国家重点研发科技专项(2017YFB0503500);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2023AH052985)
PDF(12245 KB)
