为掌握干旱半干旱区自然植被的变化趋势及对生态输水过程的响应过程,结合新疆阿克苏河流域高分影像和生态输水监测数据,对流域自然植被的时空变化特征及对生态输水的响应进行了研究。结果表明:2015—2020年流域内自然植被逐步增加,胡杨林和灌木的面积分别增加237.65 km2和784.36 km2,逐年转移矩阵结果显示稳定胡杨林和灌木面积也逐步增加,自然植被生态系统存在稳定态势;2015—2020年4个自然植被重点区域的年植被指数增长明显,尤其是艾希曼湖区和第一师边缘区,增加0.12~0.15左右,生态输水效果初步显现。自然植被面积和植被指数的季节变化显示自然植被对生态输水响应的滞后时间为1个月左右,不同的自然植被对生态输水的响应存在年际、季节以及空间的差异,胡杨林对生态输水的响应明显,响应滞后时间也最短。研究结果对阿克苏河流域天然植被恢复、区域水资源调配、生态需水调度等具有重要的指导价值。
Abstract
The spatio-temporal variation trend of natural vegetation in arid and semi-arid region,the Aksu River basin in Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China as a case study in this paper, and its response to ecological water transport are examined according the GF remote sensing images and monitoring data.Results unveiled that the vegetation ecological system kept stable with the natural vegetation area expanding gradually from 2015 to 2020, in particular, the area of Populus Euphratica forest and shrubs increasing by 237.65 km2 and 784.36 km2, respectively. The results of annual transfer matrix also showed that the area of stable Populus Euphratica forest and shrubs widened gradually. From 2015 to 2020, the annual NDVI values of four key areas of natural vegetation showed an apparent upward trend. Especially, the NDVI values of Eichmann Lake Wetland and the fringe of the First Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps climbed by 0.12-0.15, indicating an initial effect of ecological water transport. According to seasonal variation of natural vegetation area and NDVI, the response time of natural vegetation to ecological water transport is about one month;however,the response time varies in annual,seasonal and spatial scales depending on the vegetation types. The Populus Euphratica forest responses notably and the quickest to ecological water transport. The research findings are of guiding significance for the restoration of surrounding vegetation,regional water resource allocation,and ecological water demand dispatching in the Aksu River irrigation area.
关键词
自然植被 /
时空变化 /
生态输水 /
响应过程 /
阿克苏河流域
Key words
natural vegetation /
spatio-temporal evolution /
ecological water transport /
response process /
Aksu River Basin
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(4217011836);塔里木河流域阿克苏管理局课题(TGJAKSJJG-2019KYXM0002)
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