全坡面水土流失时空分异规律及观测技术研究进展

许文盛; 谷金钰; 孙宝洋; 张志华; 张文杰; 李力

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20221131

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长江科学院院报 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6) : 77-85. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20221131

水土保持与生态修复

全坡面水土流失时空分异规律及观测技术研究进展

许文盛^1,2, 谷金钰³, 孙宝洋^1,2, 张志华^1,2, 张文杰^1,2, 李力^1,2

作者信息 +

Research Progress on Spatial-Temporal Variation of and Measurement Technologies for Soil and Water Loss on Whole Hillslope

XU Wen-sheng^1,2, GU Jin-yu³, SUN Bao-yang^1,2, ZHANG Zhi-hua^1,2, ZHANG Wen-jie^1,2, LI Li^1,2

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文章历史 +

摘要

全坡面是介于传统坡面和流域尺度之间,进行水土流失多尺度观测与转换的基本单元。在分析水土流失基本单元的基础上,界定了全坡面的范围,确定全坡面是位于分水岭之间从坡顶到坡脚表现为单一坡面的独立集水单元。坡长、坡度、坡位和土地利用分布格局等空间异质性是区别于传统研究坡面,影响全坡面水土流失空间分异规律的关键因素。径流、泥沙、碳、氮、磷等水土流失通量物质,是全坡面侵蚀规律研究的关键要素。全坡面关键要素迁移转化是一个复杂的物理化学过程,而目前的观测技术难以对各要素进行高效的识别、提取与定量分析,亟需建立全坡面观测技术体系。通过对全坡面水土流失时空分异规律及观测技术的研究,可为构建水土流失多尺度嵌套观测体系,模拟预测不同尺度下侵蚀产流产沙过程提供重要参考和依据。

Abstract

Whole hillslope is a basic unit for multi-scale measurement and conversion of water and soil loss, which lies between traditional slope and watershed scales. Based on the analysis of the basic unit of water and soil loss, we define the scope of whole hillslope surface as a complete geomorphic unit located between the watershed and from the top to the foot of the slope. Spatial heterogeneity, such as slope length, slope gradient, slope position, and land use distribution pattern, is a crucial factor that differentiates the whole slope from traditional slope research and affects the spatial differentiation of water and soil loss. Runoff, sediment, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other flux materials of water and soil loss are key elements for studying the erosion law of the whole hillslope. The migration and transformation of key elements of the whole hillslope is a complex physical and chemical process, while current measurement techniques are insufficiently efficient to identify, extract, and quantitatively analyze each element, thus requiring the establishment of a measurement technology system for the whole hillslope. The study of spatio-temporal variation of and measurement techniques for soil and water loss on the whole hillslope can provide an essential reference and basis for constructing multi-scale nested measurement system and simulating and predicting erosion, runoff, and sediment processes at different scales.

导出引用

许文盛, 谷金钰, 孙宝洋, 张志华, 张文杰, 李力. 全坡面水土流失时空分异规律及观测技术研究进展[J]. 长江科学院院报. 2023, 40(6): 77-85 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20221131

XU Wen-sheng, GU Jin-yu, SUN Bao-yang, ZHANG Zhi-hua, ZHANG Wen-jie, LI Li. Research Progress on Spatial-Temporal Variation of and Measurement Technologies for Soil and Water Loss on Whole Hillslope[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 2023, 40(6): 77-85 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20221131

中图分类号： S157.1

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