盐湖流域属于无资料地区且基础资料稀缺,使用传统方法开展水文模拟存在困难。为了研究盐湖流域生态环境、水文气象等变化,综合利用卫星遥感、无人船等技术,建立盐湖流域空-天-地立体监测系统,构建盐湖水位-面积-容积关系曲线,并通过月尺度遥感数据解译了盐湖月尺度湖泊面积,推算了盐湖蓄变量和盐湖入湖月尺度径流量。通过收集并整理中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集CMFD和MODIS LAI叶面积指数等数据,构建了基于多源数据的VIC模型,开展盐湖流域湖泊径流模拟研究。结果表明,盐湖流域径流模拟纳什系数NSE和相对误差分别为 0.87和11.81%,表现出实际径流的丰枯变化情况。盐湖流域空-天-地立体监测系统结合VIC模型能够模拟盐湖流域的月尺度径流变化过程,对无资料区域河湖水文模拟具有一定参考意义。
Abstract
Hydrological simulation for the Salt Lake basin encounters many difficulties by using traditional methods due to the lack of basic data.An air-space-ground stereoscopic monitoring system for the Salt Lake was established using satellite remote sensing technology,unmanned ships and other technologies to study the changes of ecological environment and hydrometeorology.The water level-area-volume relationship curve was obtained,the monthly-scale lake area was interpreted through monthly remote sensing data,and the storage variable as well as the monthly-scale runoff into the lake were deduced.Furthermore,a VIC(Variable Infiltration Capacity)model based on multi-source data was constructed to simulate the lake runoff by collecting and sorting out the Chinese regional ground meteorological element-driven data set CMFD and MODIS LAI(leaf area index).Results reveal that the Nash coefficient NSE and relative error of the simulated runoff of the Salt Lake basin are 0.87 and 11.81%,respectively,which reflects the change of the actual runoff.The air-space-ground stereo monitoring system combined with the VIC model could simulate the monthly-scale runoff change process of the Salt Lake basin,and hence offering reference for the hydrological simulation of rivers and lakes in areas with no data.
关键词
盐湖流域 /
空-天-地立体监测 /
VIC模型 /
径流模拟 /
遥感解译 /
水文模拟
Key words
Salt Lake basin /
air-space-ground stereoscopic monitoring /
VIC model /
runoff simulation /
remote sensing interpretation /
hydrological simulation
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 李志斐.气候变化对青藏高原水资源安全的影响[J].国际安全研究,2018,36(3):42-63,157.
[2] ZHU Li-ping,XIE Man-ping,WU Yan-hong.Quantitative Analysis of Lake Area Variations and the Influence Factors from 1971 to 2004 in the Nam Co Basin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2010,55:1294-1303.
[3] 刘宝康,李 林,杜玉娥,等.青藏高原可可西里卓乃湖溃堤成因及其影响分析[J].冰川冻土,2016,38(2):305-311.
[4] 闻 丞,胡若成,顾燚芸,等.青海可可西里世界遗产地生物多样性价值的空间界定[J].遗产与保护研究,2017,2(7):1-6.
[5] WOOD E F,LETTENMAIER D P,ZARTARIAN V G.A Land-Surface Hydrology Parameterization with Subgrid Variability for General Circulation Models[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,doi:10.1029/91JD01786.
[6] WOOD E F,LETTENMAIER D P,XU Liang,et al.The Project for Intercomparison of Land-surface Parameterization Schemes(PILPS)Phase 2(c)Red–Arkansas River Basin Experiment:1.Experiment Description and Summary Intercomparisons[J].Global and Planetary Change,1998,19(1):115-135.
[7] LOHMANN D,NOLTE-HOLUBE R,RASCHKE E.A Large-scale Horizontal Routing Model to be Coupled to Land Surface Parametrization Schemes[J].Tellus A,1996,48(5):708-721.
[8] 赵登忠,张万昌,程学军.基于VIC-3L模型的黑河上游流域径流模拟研究[J].人民长江,2012,43(8):38-42.
[9] 赵求东,叶柏生,丁永建,等.典型寒区流域水文过程模拟及分析[J].冰川冻土,2011,33(3):595-605.
[10] 赵求东,赵传成,秦 艳,等.天山南坡高冰川覆盖率的木扎提河流域水文过程对气候变化的响应[J].冰川冻土,2020,42(4):1285-1298.
[11] 丁永建,秦大河.冰冻圈变化与全球变暖:我国面临的影响与挑战[J].中国基础科学,2009,11(3):4-10.
[12] 高 瑞.基于VIC模型的高寒山区融雪径流模拟[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2017.
[13] 谈 戈,夏 军,李 新.无资料地区水文预报研究的方法与出路[J].冰川冻土,2004,26(2):192-196.
[14] 万 玮,肖鹏峰,冯学智,等.卫星遥感监测近30年来青藏高原湖泊变化[J].科学通报,2014,59(8):701-714.
[15] 岩 腊,龙 笛,白亮亮,等.基于多源信息的水资源立体监测研究综述[J].遥感学报,2020,24(7):787-803.
[16] 王 慧.基于动态植被参数VIC陆面过程模型的土壤含水量模拟研究[D].北京:中国水利水电科学研究院,2018.
[17] COSBY B J,HORNBERGER G M,CLAPP R B,et al.A Statistical Exploration of the Relationships of Soil Moisture Characteristics to the Physical Properties of Soils[J].Water Resources Research,1984,20(6):682-690.
[18] 阳 坤,何 杰.中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集(1979—2018).时空三极环境大数据平台[DB/OL].2019.DOI:10.11888/AtmosphericPhysics.tpe.249369.file.CSTR:18046.11.AtmosphericPhysics.tpe.249369.file.
[19] 王刘明.气候变化和人类活动对洮河流域植被水分利用效率的影响研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2019.
[20] CHEN Ying-ying,YANG Kun,HE Jie,et al.Improving Land Surface Temperature Modeling for Dry Land of China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres,2011,116(D20),doi:10.1029/2011JD015921.
[21] DING Jie,ZHANG Yin-sheng,GUO Yan-hong,et al.Quantitative Comparison of River Inflows to a Rapidly Expanding Lake in Central Tibetan Plateau[J].Hydrological Processes,2018,32(21), doi:10.1002/hyp.13239.
[22] SUN Shao-bo,CHEN Bao-zhang,GE Meng-yu,et al.Improving Soil Organic Carbon Parameterization of Land Surface Model for Cold Regions in the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Ecological Modelling,2016,330:1-15.
[23] HE Jie,YANG Kun,TANG Wen-jun,et al.The First High-resolution Meteorological Forcing Dataset for Land Process Studies over China[J].Scientific Data,2020,7(1),doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.11558439.
[24] YANG Kun,HE Jie,TANG Wen-jun,et al.On Downward Shortwave and Longwave Radiations over High Altitude Regions:Observation and Modeling in the Tibetan Plateau[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2009,150(1):38-46.
[25] 杜明达.缺资料地区基于多源遥感数据的水文模型研究[D].北京:清华大学,2018.
[26] XIE Z,YUAN F,DUAN Q,et al.Regional Parameter Estimation of the VIC Land Surface Model:Methodology and Application to River Basins in China[J].Journal of Hydrometeorology,2007,8(3):doi:10.1175/JHM568.1.
[27] 黄钰瀚.基于VIC水文模型的TRMM降水产品在长江上游径流模拟中的应用[D].南京:南京林业大学,2017.
基金
青海省科技厅项目(2020-SF-151);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2021485,CKSF2021743)
PDF(8077 KB)
