岷江流域水库建设对水沙输移的影响

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20190573

长江科学院院报 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 9-15.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20190573

岷江流域水库建设对水沙输移的影响

吕超楠^1,2, 金中武¹, 林木松¹, 李秋荔^1,3, 王玉璇¹

1.长江科学院河流研究所,武汉 430010;
2.中国长江三峡集团有限公司,北京 100038;
3.河海大学水文水资源学院,南京 210098

收稿日期:2019-05-16 出版日期:2020-08-01 发布日期:2020-09-01
通讯作者: 金中武(1976-),男,湖北崇阳人,教授级高级工程师,博士,主要从事河流泥沙及治河工程方面的研究工作。E-mail:zhongwujin@163.com
作者简介:吕超楠(1996-),男,河南项城人,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事河流泥沙方面的研究工作。E-mail:1124571569@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402302);国家自然科学基金项目(51779015, 51809013)

Impact of Reservoir Construction on Water andSediment Transport in Minjiang River Basin

LÜ Chao-nan^1,2, JIN Zhong-wu¹, LIN Mu-song¹, LI Qiu-li^1,3, WANG Yu-xuan¹

1. River Department, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China;
2. China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038,China;
3. College of Hydrology andWater Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Received:2019-05-16 Published:2020-08-01 Online:2020-09-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 岷江作为长江上游重要支流,为川西和成都平原社会经济发展提供了重要支撑。相较于长江其他主要支流,岷江流域整体水电开发时间略晚。近年来,岷江流域水库建设工程不断增多,流域水沙情况开始变化。根据实测资料,运用水沙过程线法和径流量-输沙量双累计曲线法,初步分析岷江水库建设特点、水沙输移变化,以及二者之间的联系。结果表明:水库数量和总库容分别在1970年和2005年后有了较大的提升,水库建设的趋势是由干流深入到支流,虽然近年水库建设数量减少,但高坝大库逐渐增多;随着建坝技术水平的提高,逐渐由易建造的土坝变为筑坝难度高的其它坝型;由于水库调控能力、拦沙作用的增强,流域主汛期径流量、输沙量出现坦化现象,年径流量和年输沙量在1990年后均有减小趋势,且年输沙量减少的趋势更明显。近期高场站年输沙量变化与岷江水库建设有着一定的负相关关系,随着岷江流域水库总库容的进一步增大,这种相关关系增强,且在汛期体现得更为明显。

关键词: 水沙输移, 输沙量, 径流量, 双累计曲线法, 岷江流域, 水库建设, 高场站

Abstract: As an important tributary of the upper Yangtze River, Minjiang River provides a pivotal support for the social economic development in western Sichuan and Chengdu plain. The overall hydropower development in the Minjiang River basin took place slightly later than that in other major tributaries of the Yangtze River. In recent years, reservoir construction project increases unceasingly in the Minjiang River basin, giving rise to variations in the water and sediment condition. In this paper, the characteristics of reservoir construction and water-sediment transport as well as their interrelations are preliminary examined according to flow-sediment process lines and accumulative runoff-sediment load curves based on measured data. Results demonstrated that the number of reservoirs and the total storage capacity have surged since 1970 and 2005, respectively. Reservoirs are constructed from the mainstream to tributaries, with the number of reservoirs under construction declining while high dams and large reservoirs increasing. As dam construction technology improves, earth dam which is easy to construct is gradually changed into other dam types with high difficulty. Moreover, due to the enhancement of reservoirs’ regulation ability and sediment holding function, the runoff and sediment transport in main flood season of the basin have been flattening. Annual runoff and annual sediment transport both saw a downward trend after 1990, of which the annual sediment transport has been decreasing more obviously. Recently, the change of annual sediment transport volume at Gaochang station is in a negative correlation with reservoir construction. Such correlation intensifies with the further increase in the total capacity of reservoir in Minjiang River basin, and is more evident in flood season.

Key words: water and sediment transport, sediment discharge, volume of runoff, accumulative runoff-sediment load curves method, Minjiang river basin, reservoir construction, Gaochang station

中图分类号:

TU145.3

吕超楠, 金中武, 林木松, 李秋荔, 王玉璇. 岷江流域水库建设对水沙输移的影响[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2020, 37(8): 9-15.

LÜ Chao-nan, JIN Zhong-wu, LIN Mu-song, LI Qiu-li, WANG Yu-xuan. Impact of Reservoir Construction on Water andSediment Transport in Minjiang River Basin[J]. JOURNAL OF YANGTZE RIVER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTI, 2020, 37(8): 9-15.

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岷江流域水库建设对水沙输移的影响

Impact of Reservoir Construction on Water andSediment Transport in Minjiang River Basin

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