长江科学院院报 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 60-63.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20170716

• 水力学 • 上一篇    下一篇

混凝土坝不同溃决方式下溃口水力学试验研究

郭红民1,2, 胡海松1, 胡文兵1, 张田甜1, 张淑梅1   

  1. 1.三峡大学 水利与环境学院,湖北 宜昌 443002;
    2.三峡地区地质灾害与生态环境湖北省协同创新中心,湖北 宜昌 443002
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-21 出版日期:2019-01-01 发布日期:2019-01-17
  • 作者简介:郭红民(1964-),男,河南南阳人,教授级高级工程师,硕士,主要从事水力学及河流动力学方向的研究。E-mail:452507639qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    水利部公益性行业科研专项(201401027);中国电建项目(DJ-ZDZX-2016-02)

Hydraulic Experimental Study on Concrete Dam Break with Different Break Modes

GUO Hong-min1,2, HU Hai-song1, HU Wen-bing1, ZHANG Tian-tian1, ZHANG Shu-mei1   

  1. 1.College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University ,Yichang 443002,China;
    2.Collaborative Innovation Center for Geo-hazards and Eco-environment in Three Gorges Area,Yichang 443002, China
  • Received:2017-06-21 Online:2019-01-01 Published:2019-01-17

摘要: 混凝土坝溃决一般在极短时间内发生,以往研究很少考虑其溃决过程和溃决方式。根据混凝土坝结构特征和受力特点,假定了滑动式、倾倒式、开门式3种可能的溃决方式,通过物理模型试验研究了3种溃决方式的溃口水力学特征,并同经验瞬溃计算结果进行了比较。成果表明:溃口峰值流量试验值一般比计算值要小,3种溃决方式中,滑动式溃口峰值流量最大,危害最大。试验考虑了混凝土的溃决过程和溃决方式对溃口水流特征的作用,可为经验公式修订和溃坝机理研究提供指导。

关键词: 混凝土坝, 溃决方式, 滑动式溃口, 峰值流量, 水力学特征

Abstract: Concrete dam break generally occurs in a very short period of time. Previous studies seldom consider the process and mode of dam break. According to the structural characteristics of concrete dam and the stress characteristic, we assumed three possible dam break modes, namely, sliding, toppling over, and opening. We examined the hydraulic characteristics of breach under such three modes via physical model test, and compared the test results with empirical transient failure calculation results. Comparison revealed that the calculated values of peak flow rate at breach were higher than test values in general. Among the three break modes, sliding failure witnesses the maximum flow rate with the greatest harm.The results provide guidance for revising empirical formula of dam break by taking into consideration the influence of process and mode of dam break on the hydraulic characteristics of breach.

Key words: concrete dam, dam break modes, sliding break, peak flow rate, hydraulic characteristic

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