长江科学院院报 ›› 2015, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 20-26.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5485.2015.03.005

• 区域水土保持 • 上一篇    下一篇

三峡库区龙河流域降雨和人类活动对水沙关系变化贡献率分析

刘惠英1,程冬兵2,张平仓2,江辉1   

  1. 1.南昌工程学院 水利与生态学院,南昌 330099;
    2.长江科学院 水土保持研究所,武汉 430010
  • 收稿日期:2014-09-30 出版日期:2015-03-01 发布日期:2015-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 张平仓(1961-),男,陕西渭南人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究,(电话)13907174727(电子信箱)zhangpc@mail.crsri.cn。
  • 作者简介:刘惠英(1973-),女,陕西凤翔人,讲师,博士研究生,主要从事坡面土壤侵蚀和流域水体监测方面研究,(电话)18022384520(电子信箱)huiyingliu@nit.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(41461080);水利部公益性行业专项(201201048,201301059);江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室开放基金项目(JXSB201303)

Contributions of Precipitation and Human Activities to the Runoff and Sediment Variation in Longhe River Watershed of Three Gorges Reservoir Area

LIU Hui-ying1,CHENG Dong-bing2,ZHANG Ping-cang2,JIANG Hui1   

  1. 1.School of Hydraulic and Ecological Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China;
    2.Soil and Water Conservation Department, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010,China
  • Received:2014-09-30 Online:2015-03-01 Published:2015-03-06

摘要:

以三峡库区中心区域的龙河流域为研究对象,利用1963—2010年流域水沙资料,采用Pettitt突变点检验、累积距平法及双累积曲线法分析了该流域输沙量和降雨量的变化趋势,判别出降雨量在1982年、输沙量在1982年和1990年发生了突变。并采用累积量斜率变化率比较法分析了1963—1981年,1982—1990年,1991—2010年3个时段降雨量和人类活动在龙河流域输沙量变化中的相对贡献率。研究表明:以1963—1981年为基准期,1982—1990年间降雨量和人类活动贡献率分别为29.49%和60.51%,1991—2010年间分别为3.38%和96.62%;以1982—1990年为基准期时,1991—2010年人类活动对输沙减小的贡献率为100%。该研究揭示了1963—2010年输沙量的变化趋势及降雨和人类活动对其贡献率,研究不仅对该区水土流失治理、水土保持效益评价具有重要意义,同时为研究三峡水库区间水沙锐减的原因提供一定的理论支持。

关键词: 水沙关系, 龙河流域, 人类活动, 贡献率, 三峡库区

Abstract:

The variation trend of sediment and precipitation in Longhe River Watershed which is the centre of the Three Gorges Reservoir area was analyzed according to the measured data in 1963-2010. Pettitt test, accumulative anomaly analysis and double mass curve analysis were employed for the research. The year 1982 was found to be the inflection point of precipitation, and 1982 and 1990 the inflection points of sediment load. The contributions of precipitation and human activity to sediment change during three periods (1963-1981, 1982-1990, 1991-2010) were compared and analyzed. Results reveal that with 1963-1981 as baseline period, precipitation and human activity contribute 29.49% and 60.51% respectively to the sediment change in 1982-1990, and 3.38% and 96.62% respectively in 1991-2010; whereas when 1982-1990 is taken as the baseline period, human activity alone contributes 100% to the sediment decrease in 1991-2010. This research reveals the trend of sediment load change in Longhe River watershed during 1963-2010, and also the contributions of precipitation and human activity. It is of great importance to the soil and water conservation and assessment, and also provides theoretical support to the sharp decline of runoff and sediment discharge in Three Gorges Reservoir Area.

Key words: runoff and sediment relationship, Longhe river watershed, human activities, contribution rate, Three Gorges Reservoir area

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