我国水库泥沙淤积十分严重,水利工作者在水库排沙研究方面取得了许多骄人的成绩,但在小流量排沙方面研究较少。采用水工动床模型试验,通过对不同流量导流排沙效果的分析,证明小流量采用导流排沙方案的优势,为水库发生小流量时进行排沙提供了新思路,也为水库排沙提供了新方案。通过是否设导流墙的排沙试验分析,证明导流排沙及其它流量排沙时水深对冲沙的影响,并提出最佳冲刷时水深应<1 m;同时,通过对不同排沙流量的对比,提出了当发生不同流量时采用不同的排沙手段,可以达到最优的排沙效果。该模型试验研究成果为今后水库综合运用排沙方案提供了新思路,也为类似工程的实施提供了技术参考。

As reservoir sedimentation is very serious in China, remarkable achievements have been made in the study of reservoir desilting, but few are about the desilting under small flow. In this article, hydraulic model test with movable bed was carried out and a scheme of desilting in the presence of guide wall was proposed. Guide wall is proved advantageous in desilting under small flow rate through analyzing the desilting effect in the presence of guide wall under different flow rates. Moreover, desilting tests in the presence and in the absence of guide wall under different flow rates suggest that water depth is influential in the scour effect, and the water depth should be less than 1m to achieve the optimal result. Under large flow rate, guide wall is not as effective as that in small flow rate; hence different measures should be taken in different conditions. This research provides a new idea for reservoir desilting both under small flow and comprehensive conditions.