乌东德库区消落带生态修复植物遴选与配置

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20200910

长江科学院院报 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 50-55.DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20200910

乌东德库区消落带生态修复植物遴选与配置

周火明¹, 于江², 万丹¹, 甘国权³, 卢阳¹, 金可¹

1.长江科学院重庆分院,重庆 400026;
2.中国三峡建设管理有限公司环境保护部,成都 610023;
3.武汉长江科创科技发展有限公司,武汉 430010

收稿日期:2020-09-02 修回日期:2020-12-22 出版日期:2022-02-01 发布日期:2022-02-11
作者简介:周火明(1963-),男,湖北新洲人,正高级工程师,硕士,主要从事岩石力学、生态修复等方面的研究。E-mail:1152259016 @qq.com
基金资助:
乌东德、白鹤滩水电站消落带修复试验项目(JG/19043B);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019413/CQ)

Plant Screening and Vegetation Arrangement for Ecological Restoration in Water-level-fluctuating Zone of Wudongde Reservoir

ZHOU Huo-ming¹, YU Jiang², WAN Dan¹, GAN Guo-quan³, LU Yang¹, JIN Ke¹

1. Chongqing Branch of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Chongqing 400026,China;
2. Environmental Protection Department, China Three Gorges Construction Management Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610023, China;
3. Wuhan Changjiang Kechuang Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430010,China

Received:2020-09-02 Revised:2020-12-22 Published:2022-02-01 Online:2022-02-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干热河谷库区消落带生态修复关键技术难点在于当消落带植被受到长时间淹水与干旱交替双重胁迫时,如何遴选生态修复两栖植物。通过对乌东德库区消落带生态修复试验段淹没前植被调查、溪洛渡库区和三峡库区典型库岸消落带现存植物种群调查以及查阅三峡库区消落带植被自然演替和植被修复相关文献,结合乌东德水电站水位调度节律和库区干热河谷气候条件,对乌东德库区消落带植被自然演替趋势进行了分析。按照自然修复与人工修复相结合、乡土植物与外来植物相结合的消落带生态修复理念,遴选出乌东德库区消落带生态修复试验植物,提出了在试验段沿海拔高程的植物梯度配置模式:消落带中下部配置以狗牙根、香附子、扁穗牛鞭草等为主的多年生草本植物和以苘麻、狗尾草、马唐等为主的一年生草本植物;消落带上部配置以中山杉、水桦、桑树、秋华柳、银合欢等为主的乔、灌木以及草本植物。

关键词: 乌东德库区, 消落带, 生态修复试验, 植物遴选, 梯度配置

Abstract: The key technical difficulty of ecological restoration in dry-hot valley reservoirs lies in screening plants with strong flooding and drought tolerance. We present the potential tendency of plant community succession in water-level-fluctuating zone of Wudongde reservoir area based on vegetation investigations in Wudongde, Xiluodu and Three Gorges reservoir areas as well as related researches, climatic conditions and water fluctuation rhythm. In consideration of natural and artificial restoration, native and exotic plants, we selected the plants for ecological restoration in water-level fluctuating zone of Wudongde reservoir area, and propose the vegetation arrangement along altitude gradient. The middle and lower altitudes of water-level fluctuating zone are equipped with herbs inclusive of Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Hemarthria altissima, Abutilon theophrasti, Setaria glauca and Digitaria sanguinalis, and the upper is arranged with trees including Albizia julibrissin, Taxodium‘Zhongshanshan', Betula nigra, Morus alba and Salix variegates, and a quantity of herbaceous plants.

Key words: Wudongde reservoir, water-level-fluctuating zone, ecological restoration, plant screening, vegetation arrangement along altitude gradient

中图分类号:

周火明, 于江, 万丹, 甘国权, 卢阳, 金可. 乌东德库区消落带生态修复植物遴选与配置[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2022, 39(2): 50-55.

ZHOU Huo-ming, YU Jiang, WAN Dan, GAN Guo-quan, LU Yang, JIN Ke. Plant Screening and Vegetation Arrangement for Ecological Restoration in Water-level-fluctuating Zone of Wudongde Reservoir[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, 2022, 39(2): 50-55.

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乌东德库区消落带生态修复植物遴选与配置

Plant Screening and Vegetation Arrangement for Ecological Restoration in Water-level-fluctuating Zone of Wudongde Reservoir

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