滑坡系统由坡上、滑坡体及坡下3个子系统组成,三者之间是一个相互联系、不可分割的整体。滑坡系统演化具有整体性、层次性、开放性和动态性的特征。滑坡研究除了查明滑坡体的现状,还应预测滑坡体变化趋势,并关注坡上子系统和坡下子系统的特征以及随时间的演变,特别是坡上子系统(滑坡体后缘陡崖)物质对滑坡体的注入通量,以及坡下子系统地貌特征变化对滑坡体稳定性的影响。以三峡库区为例,基于滑坡系统的特征,滑坡的治理应当以地球系统科学的思想为指导,着眼于滑坡系统,坚持整体性、开放性和动态性的原则。提出“疏堵结合”和“着眼系统,分而治之”的滑坡治理对策。
Abstract
Geomorphologic system of landslide consists of three interactive and inseparable subsystems: body in the upstream of landslide, landslide, and body in the downstream of landslide. The evolution of the geomorphologic system of landslide is characterized by integrality, hierarchy, openness and dynamics. In addition to the status quo of landslide, the change trend of landslide should also be considered in landslide study. The characters of the body behind landslide and body in front of landslide and their changes with time should be studied. Moreover, the changes of upstream subsystem and downstream subsystem, particularly, the stability of the landslide body affected by both input of mass from the upstream into the landslide body and changes in downstream geomorphic features should be emphasized. Take the Three Gorges area as an example, in the light of the characteristics of landslide system, landslide treatment should be guided by earth system science in line with the principles of integrality, hierarchy, openness and dynamics. A management strategy which includes “a combination of dredging and blocking”, “focusing on the whole system while regulating separately” is put forward.
关键词
滑坡系统 /
地貌过程 /
滑坡防治对策 /
地球系统科学 /
三峡库区
Key words
geomorphologic system of landslide /
geomorphic processes /
landslide control strategy /
earth system sciences /
Three Gorges Reservoir area
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41671011,41877292) ;中国地质大学(武汉)“地学长江计划”项目(CUGCJ1801)
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