为解决城市沥涝问题,以二维非恒定流方程为基本控制方程,按照水量平衡法改进的有限体积法思想,结合城市复杂的汇流特点,提出了一种分区分层的计算模式,构建了二维城市暴雨沥涝数学模型,包含了社区汇流、路网汇流、管网汇流和河道汇流4个计算模块。以天津市示范区段为研究对象,依次模拟了2009—2015年10次降雨过程,分析对比了验证点积水水位和湘江道的津河液位。模拟结果显示,河道液位模拟值与实测值变化趋势基本一致,两者平均值之间的误差均＜10 cm, 表明了模型具有一定的计算精度,可用于城市内涝监测预报,同时也为城市暴雨沥涝数学模型研究提供了新的方法和思路。
Abstract
:To solve the problem of urban rainstorm water logging, a partitioned and stratified calculation pattern is used in the model which is established on the basis of two-dimensional unsteady flow theory and finite volume method improved by hydrologic budget. In view of complicated city water runoff, the model mainly simulates urban community, street, network of drains and river flow. Data of 10 rainfalls from 2009 to 2015 in the demonstration area of Tianjin is used in the model to analyze and compare the water levels of verification points and Jinhe river. Results show that both of the average values differ less than 10 cm, indicating that the model is of precision and can be applied to forecasting urban water logging. It provides a new method and idea for the mathematical modeling of urban rainstorm waterlogging.
关键词
暴雨沥涝 /
水量平衡 /
有限体积法 /
分区分层 /
城市内涝
Key words
rainstorm waterlogging /
hydrologic budget /
finite volume method /
partition and stratification /
urban waterlogging
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 李 娜,仇劲卫,程晓陶,等.天津市城区暴雨沥涝仿真模拟系统的研究[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(2):112-118.
[2] 芮孝芳,蒋成煜,陈清锦.论城市排水防涝工程水文问题[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(1):42-48.
[3] 胡伟贤,何文华,黄国如,等.城市雨洪模拟技术研究进展[J].水科学进展,2010,21(1):137-144.
[4] 岑国平.城市雨水径流计算模型[J].水利学报,1990,(10):68-75.
[5] 岑国平,沈 晋,范荣生.城市暴雨径流计算模型的建立和检验[J].西安理工大学学报,1996,12(3):184-190,225.
[6] 岑国平.城市雨水径流计算方法研究[D].南京:河海大学,1989.
[7] 仲志余.城市雨水径流计算模型研究[D].南京:河海大学,1989.
[8] 周玉文,赵洪宾.城市雨水径流模型研究[J].中国给水排水,1997,13(4):4-6.
[9] 徐向阳.平原城市雨洪过程模拟[J].水利学报,1998,(8):34-37.
[10]张景国.雨水地面径流模拟的一种方法——运动流理论及其应用[J].环境工程,1994,12(2):58-61.
[11]芩国平.雨水管网的动力波模拟及试验验证[J].给水排水,1995,(10):11-13.
[12]LI Da-ming, ZHANG Hong-ping, Li Bing-fei, et al. Basic Theory and Mathematical Modeling of Urban Rainstorm Water Logging[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2004, 16(1):17-27.
[13]解以扬,李大鸣,李培彦,等.城市暴雨内涝数学模型的研究与应用[J].水科学进展,2005,16(3):384-390.
[14]解以扬,李大鸣, 沈树勤,等. “030704”南京市特大暴雨内涝灾害的仿真模拟[J]. 长江科学院院报, 2004,21(6): 73-76.
PDF(1641 KB)
