关键词: 弃土弃渣体, 径流产沙, 水动力参数, 扰动, 野外人工模拟降雨, 神府东胜矿区

Abstract: Affected by man-made factors, ground surface in coal mine area is disturbed in a wide range, with complex waste soils and residues accumulating into steep slopes, resulting in heavy soil and water loss under rainfall action. On the basis of field investigations, runoff plot and outdoor artificial rainfall field were selected and constructed to study the differences of erosion and hydrodynamic characteristics among three underlying surfaces, namely, waste soil, coal mine residue with more sand and less stone, and residue with less sand and more stone.Results showed that 1) the average runoff rate of residues increased in a range from 33.7% to 276.2% with rainfall intensity increasing by 1.5 times to 3.0 times; the average runoff velocity of waste soil and residues increased by 13.6%-43.3% as rainfall intensified, and the average runoff velocity of residue with more sand and less stone was larger than the other two; under the same rainfall intensity, the average erosion rate of residue with more sand and less stone was 1.8 times and 11.2 times that of the waste soil and the residue with less sand and more stone, respectively; 3) the average Reynolds number revealed waste soil and residue as transition flow in slow motion; 4) the relations between average runoff rate and average stream power and average shear stress, respectively, can be expressed by linear function, with the coefficient of determination greater than 0.8; the relations between erosion rate and average stream power and average shear stress of waste soil and residue with less sand and more stone can be expressed by linear function, with the coefficient of determination greater than 0.9; while a power function for residue with more sand and less stone with the coefficient of determination about 0.5.

Key words: waste soil and residues, runoff and sediment yield, hydrodynamic parameter, disturbance, simulated field rainfall experiment, Shenfu-Dongsheng coalmine field