复合土工膜防渗措施是解决平原水库渗漏问题的有效手段。为了研究平原水库土工膜防渗特性,以山东省清源湖水库为例,采用数值模拟与现场实测相结合的方法,建立了基于饱和-非饱和渗流微分方程的土工膜防渗围坝渗流有限元分析模型,并将计算结果与实测数据进行了对比。研究表明铺设土工膜防渗后,非饱和区域显著增加,忽略非饱和区域会使得渗漏量计算值偏小、浸润线及溢出点高度计算值偏低,令设计者低估渗漏的严重程度,不利于坝体的渗流稳定;土工膜缺陷因素(如缺陷的位置、尺寸、数目及与其下垫层的接触情况)对渗漏量和围坝浸润线亦有较大影响;土工膜缺陷及土工膜与下垫层的接触情况主要取决于施工质量,在施工期对土工膜缺陷进行严格控制,可有效减少渗漏量,对平原水库的安全运行具有十分重要的意义。
Abstract
Compound geomembrane is an effective measure for the seepage control of reservoir in plain area. In this research, numerical simulation and field test are employed to analyze the anti-seepage performance of geomembrane for plain reservoir. A finite element analysis model of geomembrane seepage is established based on the differential equation of saturated-unsaturated seepage. The Qingyuan Lake Reservoir in Shandong Province is taken as a case study. Comparison between simulation result and measured result shows that non-saturation region increases significantly in the presence of geomembrane. The non-saturation region should not be ignored, otherwise the calculated results of leakage flux, seepage line, as well as overflow point height would be lower than measured result, which makes engineers underestimate the severity of seepage. Moreover, factors of geomembrane defect (such as location, size, number and contact situation with the under layer) also have large impact on fluxes and seepage lines. Geomembrane defects mainly depend on the construction quality, so it is very important for the safety of the reservoir to control the geomembrane defects strictly.
关键词
平原水库 /
土工膜 /
有限元分析模型 /
缺陷渗漏 /
浸润线
Key words
plain reservoir /
geomembrane /
finite element analysis model /
defect-induced leakage /
seepage line
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 何庆海, 周荣星, 郑佃祥. 山东省平原水库的现状及对策探讨. 山东水利,2007,(2): 23-24.
翟寅章.山东省平原水库坝基工程地质问题及对策.山东水利,2006,(4):43-44.
王 帅.平原水库土工膜防渗及围坝稳定性分析.济南:山东大学,2013.
GEO-SLOPE International Ltd. 非饱和土体渗流分析软件SEEP/W用户指南 . 北京:冶金工业出版社,2011.
陈向阳, 庹 涛. 基于SEEP／W的重力坝渗流稳定分析. 中国水能及电气化, 2011,(10):20-22.
BARANI G A. Application of the SEEP 3D Software in Modeling the Effects of Cutoff Walls on the Reduction of the Seepage Pressure and Exit Hydraulic Gradient under Hydraulic Structure . Water Engineering, 2013,5(15): 79-90.
刘继国, 曾亚武. FLAC3D在深基坑开挖与支护数值模拟中的应用.岩土力学,2006, 27(3): 505-508.
唐晓松, 郑颖人, 邬爱清, 等. 应用PLAXIS有限元程序进行渗流作用下的边坡稳定性分析. 长江科学院院报, 2006, 23(4):13-16.
AHMADI-ADLI M, TOKER N K, HUVAJ N. Prediction of Seepage and Slope Stability in A Flume Test and An Experimental Field Case . Procedia Earth & Planetary Science, 2014, 9(4):189-194.
张大伟, 严文群. 库水位下降时土坝上游面渗流稳定性研究.长江科学院院报,2011, 28(7):62-66.
刘川顺, 韩东平. 土石坝渗漏原因的相关分析法.大坝与安全, 2003,(5):21-23.
杜 晖. 平原水库土工膜防渗技术研究与应用. 南京: 河海大学, 2006.
GIROUD J P, GROSS B A, BONAPARTE R. Leachate Flow in Leakage Collection Layers due to Defects in Geomembrane Liners . Geosynthetics International, 1997, 4(3/4): 215-292.
JAYAWICKRAMA P, BROWN K W, THOMAS J C, et al. Leakage Rate Through Flaws in Geomembrane Liners . Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE, 1988, 114(6):1401-1420.
岑威钧.土石坝防渗(复合)土工膜缺陷及其渗漏问题研究进展.水利水电科学进展,2016,36(1):1-7.
STARK T D, CHOI H. Technical Note Methane Gas Migration Through Geomembranes .Geosynthetics International, 2005, 12(2).:1-6.
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2015BAB07B05);水利部公益性行业科研专项项目(201301057)
PDF(1919 KB)
