选取典型板裂原岩(即已经发生了板裂化的岩石块体),通过平行板裂和垂直板裂2个方向的抗压强度试验,获取抗压强度参数的各向异性特征;同时,采用偏光显微镜对板裂原岩薄片进行镜下鉴定分析,以便认识到岩石力学特性及自身组成、结构构造和岩体板裂化之间的内在必然联系,为岩体板裂化理论提供依据。研究结果表明:板裂原岩本身具有各向异性特征,而且与板裂方向关系紧密,说明在受力大小相同的情况下,与板裂方向一致时的受力比与板裂方向垂直时更加容易引起潜在板裂岩石发生变形破坏,形成板裂。碎裂花岗岩在地质历史时期曾遭受过强烈构造应力,且在平行板裂面的方向上受力明显,形成了平行板裂面方向的微小裂隙,部分被充填为细脉;对于绿泥石绢云母千枚岩和石英白云母片岩,其岩石构造的力学性质具有明显的各向异性,在后期的特定应力作用下也会形成与片理小角度斜交的微小裂隙,说明板裂原岩的结构、构造特征是发生板裂的内在因素。
Abstract
Representative slab-rupture original rocks (i.e.,slab ruptures have occurred in the rock blocks) were taken as examples.To obtain the anisotropic properties for related strength parameters,we perform the uniaxial compression tests with the loading directions vertical and parallel to slab rupture.At the same time,the microscopic identification and analysis of slices from the original slab-rupture rock are conducted by using polarizing microscope.We try to explore the potential relations among mechanical properties of the rock,compositions and slab rupture of rock mass.The study shows that:the original slab-rupture rock has anisotropic characteristics,closely relevant to the direction of slab rupture;under the same magnitude of load,the load parallel to slab rupture is more likely to cause deformation and failure of potential slab-rupture rock mass than that vertical to slab rupture.As for cataclastic granite,it had suffered a strong tectonic stress during geological period,and the stress is significant in the direction parallel to the slab rupture surface,forming the tiny (small) cracks parallel to the slab rupture surface which is partially filled with tiny dykes.Furthermore,for chlorite-sericite phyllite and quartz muscovite schist,the mechanical properties of such rock structures show obvious tendency of anisotropy,under given stress at the later stage,tiny(small) cracks will occur,which are oblique to the schistosity at a small angle.Finally,we conclude that the rock texture and structure feature of slab-rupture original rock are the intrinsic factors of generating slab ruptures.
关键词
板裂原岩 /
板裂方向 /
抗压试验 /
偏光显微镜 /
消光特征
Key words
slab-rupture original rock /
slab-rupture direction /
compression test /
polarizing microscope /
extinction characteristics
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