长江科学院院报 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 1-4.

• 江湖泥沙与治理 •    下一篇

垂直螺旋管道内单颗粒运动受旋转科氏力影响的试验研究

张志雁1,2，牧振伟1，杨力行1   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学 水利与土木工程学院,   乌鲁木齐 830052； 2.新疆水利水电勘测设计研究院，乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-11 修回日期:2011-10-09 出版日期:2012-05-01 发布日期:2012-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 牧振伟（1973-），男,河南南阳人，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事水力学及河流动力学研究
  • 作者简介:张志雁（1984-），男，江西龙南人，硕士，主要从事水利水电设计工作
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(10762004)

Effect of Coriolis Force on Single Particle Movement in Vertical Spiral Duct

ZHANG Zhi-yan1,2, MU Zhen-wei1, YANG Li-xing1   

  1. 1. College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China；2.Xinjiang Survey and Design Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Urumqi 830000,China)
  • Received:2011-05-11 Revised:2011-10-09 Online:2012-05-01 Published:2012-06-21

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摘要： 通过对垂直螺旋管道中单颗粒运动进行试验，采用单颗粒动力学模型对其受旋转科氏力影响的特性进行了分析。结果表明：颗粒在运动过程中主要受到离心力、有效重力、旋转科氏力及阻力的作用。颗粒速度与水流速度之比λ和旋转科氏力与离心力之比ζ存在明显的指数关系。当λ=1时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力为零；当λ>1时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力与离心力的方向相同，均为背离圆心方向；当λ<1时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力与离心力的方向相反。试验中颗粒所受旋转科氏力与离心力在同一数量级的概率为3/4。因此，在小尺度低速度旋转流下研究颗粒受力时，颗粒所受旋转科氏力不应被忽略。

关键词: 螺旋管道, 单颗粒动力学模型, 旋转科氏力, 离心力

Abstract: Based on kinetic model of single particle, forces  upon the single particle in vertical spiral rectangular duct are analyzed. The results indicate that the whole motion of the particle is mainly affected by the centrifugal force, Coriolis force, effective gravity and drag force. There is an obvious exponential relation between λ and ζ , of which λ stands for the ratio of tangential velocity of particle to water velocity, and ζ  represents the ratio of Coriolis force to centrifugal force. When λ =1,the Coriolis force acting upon particle equals zero; when λ >1, the Coriolis force and centrifugal force are in the same direction, both deviating from the center; while when λ <1, the Coriolis force and centrifugal force are in the opposite direction. The probability of Coriolis force being in the same order of magnitude with centrifugal force is 3/4. It's concluded that the Coriolis force should not be ignored in analyzing the force upon particle in small-scale and low-speed rotational flow.

Key words: spiral duct, kinetic model of single particle, Coriolis force, centrifugal force

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