The types and mixing amounts of fiber commonly used in engineering are summarized, and the mechanisms of crack resistance, strength increase, toughness increase, and impermeability of fiber-reinforced concrete are discussed. The applications of fiber-reinforced concrete in hydraulic engineering inclusive of underwater structure, canal lining, anti-scour parts, plate concrete structure, and pavement at construction site are introduced, and future work concerning the research and application of fiber-reinforced concrete are pointed out.