Oil and gas pipeline construction in mountain areas is faced with unprecedented challenges owing to the precipitous and complicated landform. Soil and water conservation along the pipeline is crucial for the eco-environment and the pipeline safety. Taking the project of gas transfer from Sichuan Province to  east China as an object, the authors made innovations on the management of soil and water conservation projects by establishing a comprehensive prevention and controlling system which is featured with uniform standards, unified design,  integrated management and monitoring, centralized data and integrated appraisal and approval for the conservation projects. The result proved that inspection of the conservation project quality is improved, the environmental indices along the pipeline are rationalized, and good economic benefit and social benefit are achieved.