The length of the South-to-North Water-Transfer Project general canal involving the expansive soil (rock) is approximately 386.8 km. The treatment of the expansive soil (rock) is the main technical problem to be tackled. In the project supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program, various research means have been employed to investigate the failure mechanism of the expansive soil (rock) cannel slope comprehensively. The slope stability analysis method for the expansive soil cannel slopes has been proposed, the economic and applicable treatment measures have been put forward. In this paper, the research content, technical route are introduced and the results of the project systemically illustrated. The research results could also provide reference for the relevant research and engineering projects.