Abstract: Electro-microscope test methods including SEM and TEM were used to study the microstructure of the granite in the Three Gorges Project(TGP) area. The observed results showed that the granite in the TGP area and surrounding environment has generated distinct energy and substance transformations, and that the quartz crystal has stored high energy in lattices due to probably existing an alkali*.activity structure. For the granite has borne a gravity action and a rock structural dynamic action for 8.3hundred-million years ,the structural pore almost was not be seen, and the alkali*.solution expanded slowly, forming a thin reflection ring. The expansion of the granite is very small, so the appearance of its expansion sudden change will last a very long-term accumulation process.