Chongqing is one of the most serious water-soil erosion areas in China. Based on remote sensing image the current situation of soil erosion in Chongqing, such as its intensity, quantity and distribution, this paper discusses the natural environment factors and the irrational human action resulting in soil erosion in the municipality. It is pointed out that, besides the natural influence, overweighed rural population on the frail ecosystem and the irrational land uses are the main causes of heavy soil loss. A few countermeasures are proposed for water*.soil conservation, such as eco-agriculture development, rural urbanization and soil conservation engineering.