Abstract: Flood control is the first and important task for th e development of Yangtze River basin. Recently, a flood control system includin g embankments, reservoirs, flood storage projects, and river regulation works ha s been primarily formed since 1949 up to now. However, the contradiction between the flood quantity in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and the safety discha rge capacity of the river channel is still exist, so the flood prevention situat ion is still a severe problem. Moreover, after the Three Gorges Project being co mpleted, on one hand the discharge capacity of the middle and lower Yangtze Rive r will be greatly increased, but on the other hand, due to adjustment of reserv oirs, the annual discharge distribution process will be changed and thus will ma ke the watersediment relation and riverlake relation be greatly changed too. All these may cause a series of new problems to flood control. So,for providing scientific bases and technical supports for the flood control strategy, p lanning and searching efficient disasterdiminution countermeasures, a flood c ontrol physical model should be built, in combination with mathematical model, t o go further into this problem.