Study on Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Water Quality Trophic Status and Influencing Factors in Xiangjiaba Reservoir

ZHAO Ming-liang, PENG Hui, LIU Fang-zhi, ZHENG Chuan-dong, XU Hao, ZHANG Bo

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Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute ›› 0 DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20250790

Study on Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Water Quality Trophic Status and Influencing Factors in Xiangjiaba Reservoir

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Abstract

[Objectives] Xiangjiaba Reservoir is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and is the last hydropower station among the cascade power stations in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River. The water quality of Xiangjiaba Reservoir plays a summarizing and indicator role in the ecological environment quality of the entire Jinsha River Basin. The research results on the water quality of Xiangjiaba Reservoir can be used to trace the sources of pollutants in the water of its upstream areas, assess the effectiveness of ecological protection policies, and provide the most direct data support for the construction and protection of the ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In addition, the water quality of Xiangjiaba Reservoir has a significant impact on the aquatic biodiversity and the drinking water safety of the residents in the downstream. [Methods] To evaluate the nutrient status of the water and spatio-temporal variation trends of water quality in Xiangjiaba Reservoir, systematic cluster analysis, Mann-Kendall time series trend analysis, and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the nutritional status, spatio-temporal changes in water quality, and influencing factors of 11 mainstream monitoring sections and 13 tributary monitoring sections of Xiangjiaba Reservoir from March 2021 to February 2024. [Results] The results showed that TN and TP in the mainstream of Xiangjiaba Reservoir were affected by the upstream water inflow, non-point source and point source pollution, and the secondary release of sediment at the bottom of the reservoir during the study period, while TN and TP in the tributaries mainly originated from the non-point source pollution within the basin. There were obvious spatial differences in the water quality and eutrophication level of Xiangjiaba Reservoir. Compared with the upper reaches of the mainstream of Xiangjiaba Reservoir, the lower reaches of the mainstream accommodated a large amount of pollutants from the tributaries and towns along the riverbank. Therefore, the concentrations of TN, TP, and CODMn in the lower reaches of the mainstream of Xiangjiaba Reservoir were higher than those in the upper reaches, while the SD in the lower reaches was lower than that in the upper reaches. Meanwhile, the WFV in the lower reaches of the mainstream was relatively small, which was not conducive to the diffusion and migration of pollutants and was beneficial to the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton, resulting in the TLI and the concentration of Chl-a in the lower reaches of the mainstream being significantly higher than those in the upper reaches of the mainstream. Group four of the monitoring section in the tributary was greatly affected by the point source pollution discharged from Suijiang County in the upstream, where the TLI and the concentration of Chl-a, TN, TP, and CODMn were highest, followed by Group two, and Group three and/or one were lowest. The TLI, TP, SD, and CODMn in the mainstream and tributaries of Xiangjiaba Reservoir generally showed an improving trend, while the Chl-a showed a deteriorating trend. And the TN in the mainstream and in the Group two monitoring sections of the tributaries has shown an upward trend. The water quality of the main stream and tributaries of Xiangjiaba Reservoir showed obvious seasonal differences. TLI, TN, TP, and CODMn increased significantly due to the increase in precipitation during the wet season, while SD decreased. The water storage during the dry season caused a large accumulation of TN, which reached its peak in November. The pollutants, such as TN, TP, and CODMn, at the bottom of the reservoir migrated upward due to the rise of WT in the surface layer in Spring, increasing the concentrations of TN, TP, and CODMn in the surface layer. The sharp increase in Chl-a concentration was caused by the massive reproduction of phytoplankton. [Conclusion] The cascade reservoirs in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River had a significant interception efficiency for sediment and pollutants in the water. The concentrations of TP and CODMn had decreased, but the concentrations of TP and TN are still relatively high, providing sufficient nutrients for phytoplankton. In addition, the smaller WFV was conducive to the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton. Therefore, the concentration of Chl-a in Xiangjiaba Reservoir has increased. In the later stage, it is still necessary to strengthen the management of the reservoir. While actively reducing the exogenous input of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, it is also necessary to strengthen the removal of sediment at the bottom of the reservoir.

Key words

Xiangjiaba Reservoir / eutrophication / precipitation / water velocity / non-point source pollution / temporal variation trend

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ZHAO Ming-liang , PENG Hui , LIU Fang-zhi , et al . Study on Spatial-temporal Characteristics of Water Quality Trophic Status and Influencing Factors in Xiangjiaba Reservoir[J]. Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute. 0 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20250790

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