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Management Technology for Water and Mud Inrush in Deeply Buried Tunnel Crossing High-pressure Water-rich Faults
LI Jian-he, NIU Li-min, WANG Shuai, XU Ran, CHEN Pei
Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10) : 149-156.
PDF(3658 KB)
PDF(3658 KB)
Management Technology for Water and Mud Inrush in Deeply Buried Tunnel Crossing High-pressure Water-rich Faults
Water and mud inrush in tunnels crossing high-pressure water-rich faults is highly destructive with low groutability. To address this challenge, we examined the geological characteristics, disaster processes, and causes associated with water and mud inrush in the Xianglushan Tunnel of Central Yunnan Water Diversion Project as a case study. We propose a combined management strategy consisting of drilling, grouting, pressure relief, and support all in advance. To tackle the high content of fine powder in the surrounding rock of the tunnel’s lower half section, which impedes the diffusion of grouting slurry, we introduce a replacement grouting reinforcement technique. This technique involves dividing the grouting holes into top holes and back (or horizontal) holes. Grout is injected through the top holes, while pressure is released through the back or horizontal holes to flush out rock powder. This approach facilitates the removal of rock powder and improves slurry diffusion. Our method successfully resolves the water and mud inrush disaster in DLI3+681.5 section of Xianglushan Tunnel. The research findings offer valuable insights for managing water and mud inrush disasters in tunnels with similar geological conditions.
deeply buried tunnel / water-rich fault / water and mud inrush / management measures / replacement grouting reinforcement technology / disaster management
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<p>Abstract: Karst tunnels with high water pressure and rich water have very high risk during construction. They are commonly faced with the technical problems such as preventing water burst, keeping surrounding rocks stable and treating high water pressure on lining. Reliable geology forecasting and effective grouting is the key to solve the problems. Based on the project case of Yuanliangshan tunnel that locates at high water pressure and rich water regions, the methods of exactly forecasting the site, shape and filing of karst caves were introduced; the mechanisms of grouting were systemically analyzed; and the appropriate grouting parameters were decided according to numerical analyasis. By multiple grouting the effective grouting circle were formed. The monitoring data show that grouting circle attains the effects of reinforcing surrounding rocks, steadying working face, blocking ground water and reducing water pressure on tunnel lining. The surrounding rocks keep stable and its deformation is very small when tunneling. The drainage control standard of 5m3•m-1•d-1 is also achieved, and the water pressure on tunnel lining is reduced remarkably with low discharge. The research result can provide references for similar karst tunneling in high water pressure and water-enriched region.</p>
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