Impact of Emergent Water Supply of the Three Gorges Reservoir on Saltwater Intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary in 2022

QIU Wei; LUAN Hua-long; QU Geng; LEI Wen-tao; LIN Mu-song; ZHU Jian-rong

doi:10.11988/ckyyb.20240616

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Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10) : 30-39. DOI: 10.11988/ckyyb.20240616

Impact of Emergent Water Supply of the Three Gorges Reservoir on Saltwater Intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary in 2022

QIU Wei ¹^,² ,
LUAN Hua-long ¹^,² ,
QU Geng ¹^,² ,
LEI Wen-tao ¹^,² ,
LIN Mu-song ¹^,² ,
ZHU Jian-rong ³

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Abstract

During the flood season of 2022, the Changjiang River Basin experienced an unprecedented basin-wide drought. From September to October, the runoff at Datong Station fluctuated around 11,000 m³/s. Since September, the Changjiang River Estuary has faced severe saltwater intrusion due to typhoons, jeopardizing the water supply security of Shanghai. Based on analysis of measured runoff, wind speed, and salinity data, we conclude that low runoff combined with typhoons triggered the saltwater intrusion. We employed a three-dimensional estuary and coastal numerical model to quantitatively assess the impact of emergent water supply from cascading reservoirs. The emergent water supply mitigated saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary, reducing the upward distance of saline water and shifting the 0.45 psu isohaline towards downstream by 17 km in the South Branch-North Channel section. This action reduced the salinity of reservoir water intake and extended the water intake window for the Qingcaosha Reservoir by approximately 6 hours. However, two cold fronts in October weakened the effectiveness of the water supply to some extent. To enhance the reliability of the water supply, it is crucial to strengthen comprehensive monitoring of hydrology, tides, and meteorology in the estuarine area, thereby ensuring the safety of freshwater utilization in Shanghai.

Key words

saltwater intrusion / reservoir operation / freshwater resources / saline-reducing effect / Three Gorges Reservoir / Changjiang River estuary

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QIU Wei , LUAN Hua-long , QU Geng , et al . Impact of Emergent Water Supply of the Three Gorges Reservoir on Saltwater Intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary in 2022[J]. Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute. 2024, 41(10): 30-39 https://doi.org/10.11988/ckyyb.20240616

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