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Preliminary Study of Ecological Dredging Technology for the Three Gorges Reservoir
ZHOU Wang-min, LI Xiao-meng, TAN Hao-yue, LUO Ping-an, ZHAO Ke-feng, LU Shu-qiang
Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7) : 60-68.
PDF(8144 KB)
PDF(8144 KB)
Preliminary Study of Ecological Dredging Technology for the Three Gorges Reservoir
[Objective] Traditional dredging methods for reservoir sedimentation can cause resuspension of sediments, leading to the release of nutrients, and then affect the water environment. Proposing a reasonable and feasible ecological dredging scheme is important to prevent water environmental pollution caused by sediment dredging, which is a fundamental requirement for the sustainable exploitation of reservoir sediments. To address the issues of sedimentation in the Three Gorges Reservoir and secondary water pollution caused by traditional dredging methods, this study focuses on typical sediment-accumulated river sections and explores ecological dredging technologies suitable for deep-water and complex environments. [Methods] This study comparatively evaluated the characteristics, applicability, and environmental friendliness of existing reservoir dredging technologies. Based on the segmented sedimentation characteristics of the Three Gorges Reservoir, it proposed an environmentally friendly ecological dredging technology suitable for the reservoir. Typical sediment-deposited river sections in Fuling and Zhongxian were selected as representative areas. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic-suspended sediment mathematical model was established to simulate the dredging effects under different dredging equipment, and an ecological dredging technical scheme for these areas was developed. [Results] The results showed that ecological dredging technology outperforms traditional methods in precision control, pollution prevention, and resource utilization. The study recommended using pneumatic dredging for the near-dam section, pneumatic or jet dredging for the middle section, and pneumatic or eco-friendly cutter suction dredging for the upper section and fluctuating backwater area. Simulations indicated that pneumatic dredging had the least impact on suspended sediment concentration and diffusion. Based on the simulation results, comprehensive dredging recommendations were proposed, including equipment selection, construction timing, residual water treatment, and sediment resource utilization. [Conclusion] The ecological dredging scheme proposed in this paper can provide a reference for ensuring the storage capacity of the Three Gorges Reservoir and its long-term effective use, as well as sustaining comprehensive benefits. It shows strong potential for promotion and practical engineering application value.
Three Gorges Reservoir / reservoir dredging / ecological dredging technology / two-dimensional hydrodynamic-suspended sediment mathematical model / suspended solids concentration
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Sedimentation and sediment delivery in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) has always been a hot issue during its demonstration and operation. In this study, long-term series field measured hydrological and terrain data before and after the TGR’s impoundment are used to investigate the trend of runoff and sediment load transport into the TGR. The effect of sedimentation on the TGR is discussed. The result demonstrates that despite rare changes in annual runoff, the total amount of sediment load transport into the TGR shows a significant reducing trend (by 60%) after the impoundment of the TGR. Analysis of the field data shows that the average sediment delivery ratio of the TGR is 24% during 2003-2018 and the annual loss in storage capacity is about 0.3%. Annual sedimentation is in a linear relation with incoming sediment, and the slope of the relation is larger when water level gets higher in flood season. Sediment mainly deposits in river reaches with wide cross sections, especially in the permanent backwater area where the flow velocity is relatively small.In some branching reaches,the river pattern develops towards unification.It is expected that this study will help optimizing the TGR operations and improving its comprehensive function.
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Reservoir sedimentation is a worldwide problem which affects the normal functioning of flood control,power generation,shipping,and water resources utilization. In particular,sediment deposition in front of dam may block the water intake of hydropower station and bottom outlet,severely affecting the power generation efficiency and flood discharge safety. The water depth in front of the dam of large reservoirs is generally over 100 meters. Efficient and safe dredging is an important approach to effectively control sediment deposition and maintain sustainable development of water resources. In this paper,the aerodynamic deep-water dredging technology is studied and applied to the Three Gorges Reservoir. Application result manifests that aerodynamic dredging technology can be operated safely and efficiently in 100-meter deep water environment. The research results can be taken as a technical reference for the dredging of large reservoirs.
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