Abstract: In this paper, we summarize domestic and foreign research findings and case analyses on water disasters and disaster prevention in urban underground space, following a review of the existing research status. We categorize the characteristics of water disasters in urban underground space into two types: those resulting from surface flood disasters and those caused by engineering activities or changes in surrounding water environment characteristics. The interplay and responses of water disaster environments inside and outside urban underground spaces are analyzed. To address the complexity of water disaster distribution in urban underground space, we identify common scientific challenges and technical bottlenecks in domestic water disaster prevention and control in urban underground space by examining the key factors of disaster causes and the coupling response relationship. Furthermore, taking a multi-objective and multi-level approach, we analyze the key scientific problems and technical routes for water disaster prevention and control in underground space. Emphasizing the need for systematic consideration, we also propose solutions to highlighted scientific and technological problems that require focus and reinforcement. Additionally, we outline the development prospects of water disaster prevention in urban underground space from three perspectives: scientific problems, key technologies, and solutions.

Key words: flood disaster, water disaster prevention and control, urban underground space, underground rail transit