The protection of ecological environment in the Yangtze River has been receiving close attention from central government, local governments at various levels, as well as numerous departments. Substantial achievements have been made in this field. Employing qualitative analysis and quantitative evaluation through information science research methods, we comprehensively examine the development process and important measures related to ecological environmental protection in the Yangtze River based on an extensive review of relevant literature. Additionally, subject research papers were retrieved, and statistical analysis was conducted by utilizing VOSviewer visualization software based on the CNKI literature database to analyze the time distribution, spatial distribution, subject distribution, source distribution, and author distribution. Research hotspots were identified based on high-frequency keywords and highly cited papers. The outcomes of this study offer valuable reference information for government departments, scientific research personnel, and research management institutions. Moreover, it will facilitate innovative research in the realm of ecological and environmental protection in the Yangtze River.