Lakes are sensitive indicators of climate change.In the aim of studying the impact of climate change on lake water volume,statistical methods were applied to examine the linear trend and abrupt changes of rainfall,temperature,and evaporation from 1989 to 2018 in the Hoh Xil Salt Lake Basin.Hydrological elements such as lake area were monitored by using multi-source satellite remote sensing technology,and the correlation between lake area and meteorological elements,lake area and lake water volume changes were analyzed.Moreover,the impact of meteorological elements on the changes in lake water volume was quantified by obtaining the composition of the Salt Lake runoff in association with VIC model-simulated runoff and calculated glacier water volume.The differences in the impact of meteorological elements on lake water volume in the basin before and after 2011 were also comprehensively scrutinized.The statistical analysis and quantitative calculation of hydrological models manifest that the annual rainfall and annual average temperature in the Hoh Xil Salt Lake Basin have increased significantly,while annual evaporation has presented a downward trend,all in good correlation with lake area.Lake area is highly correlated with lake water volume,which indirectly reflects the impact of meteorological elements on lake water volume changes.Before 2011,the changes in the water volume of Zhuonai Lake and Salt Lake were mainly affected by rainfall,and the water volume changes in Kusai Lake and Hading Knoll were mainly affected by temperature;from 2011 to 2014,changes in the water volume of the four lakes were mainly affected by rainfall;from 2015 to 2018,the increase in rainfall,the release of water from frozen soil and the increase in groundwater recharge,and the amount of glacial melting water contributed about 34.48%,57.66%,and 7.86%,respevtively,to the expansion of the four lakes.Temperature changes have become the major factor,followed by rainfall,affecting the changes in lake water volume.
Key words
climate change /
lake area /
VIC model /
variation of water quantity /
correlation analysis
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